Showing papers in "Seminars in Oncology in 2011"

TL;DR: Fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging (FDG-PET) is widely used clinically for tumor imaging due to increased glucose metabolism in most types of tumors, and has been shown to improve the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of cancers.

TL;DR: Cognitive effects of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and its effects on the elderly and brain tumor patients are discussed, with a focus on the effects of chemotherapy.

TL;DR: The findings reveal a potential and appealing role for miRs as cancer therapeutic targets and aims at providing the molecular bases for the understanding of the potential role of miRs in the translational and clinical setting.

TL;DR: Noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging and their roles in future personalized medicine in cancer are focused on.

TL;DR: Studies of miRNA expression in human HCC are reviewed, recent advances in knowledge about the involvement and role of selected miRNAs in disease pathogenesis, as biomarkers, or as therapeutic targets for H CC are discussed.

TL;DR: The goal of this review is to describe the tumor biology and pathologic features of GBM, guidelines for classification and diagnosis, the current status of prognostic and predictive biomarkers, and the role of the blood-brain barrier in delivering therapy for GBM.

TL;DR: Nilotinib, a second-generation oral TKI, was rationally designed based on the crystal structure of imatinib to be highly active against a wide range ofImatinib-resistant BCR-ABL mutants and is approved for the treatment of newly diagnosed or imatinIB-resistant or -intolerant CML, and has shown superiority over imatin ib in first-line treatment for newly diagnosed CML.

TL;DR: An overview of the current status and trends in the development of non-[(18)F]FDG PET probes in oncology and their application in the investigation of cancer biology is provided.

TL;DR: Assessment of microsatellite stability (MSI), which serves as a marker for DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system function, has emerged as a useful tool for risk stratification of patients with stage II colon cancer.

TL;DR: This review highlights the chemotherapy advances in the treatment of mCRC and focuses on the antibody therapies that have provided incremental improvements in survival and the management of resectable and unresectable liver metastases and directed liver therapies.

TL;DR: The use of optical imaging is now being applied in the clinic and operating room for the localization and resection of malignant tumors in addition to screening for cancer.

TL;DR: Evidence that global microRNA expression patterns are altered in colon tumors, that specific micro RNAs have a functional role in colon carcinogenesis, that polymorphisms in microRNAs may be associated with risk of colon cancer, and the potential for using circulating microRNas as a noninvasive biomarker for the detection of cancer are covered.

TL;DR: The standard chemotherapy regimens used in sarcoma are associated with significant toxicity, including long-term complications, and newer cytotoxic agents with an improved safety profile, such as trabectedin and palifosfamide, are currently in development.

TL;DR: Recent attempts to exploit new molecular insights are discussed, the reasons for slow progress in developing better treatments are considered, and future therapeutic options are examined.

TL;DR: How miRNAs function as both effectors and modulators of the DNA damage response, intricately weaved with traditional elements such as ATM, P53, and MMR is reviewed.

TL;DR: This review highlights relevant differences and similarities in the structures and functions, including kinase selectivity and mechanisms of binding, of the currently approved TKIs and certain others in development for the treatment of advanced GIST.

TL;DR: The attributes of QUS-based methods for imaging cancers and providing improved means of detecting and assessing tumors are discussed, including applications to imaging primary prostate cancer and metastatic cancer in lymph nodes to illustrate the methods.

TL;DR: The WPSS is able to predict survival and leukemia progression at any time during follow-up, and can be used for implementing risk-adapted treatment strategies in patients with primary MDS.

TL;DR: Effective cancer prevention in affected individuals and at-risk family members first requires timely recognition of these hereditary colon cancer syndromes followed by integration of genetic testing and clinical examinations.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that the phenotype of MDS patients with deletions of chromosome 5q is due to haplo-insufficiency of multiple genes.

TL;DR: The background information and technologies that clinicians and physician-scientists will need to interpret in order to develop better, personalized treatment strategies are examined.

TL;DR: Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes whose disease has failed to respond to hypomethylating agent therapy should be referred for clinical trials when available.

TL;DR: This overview discusses molecular imaging in oncology, providing examples from a variety of modalities, with an emphasis on emerging techniques for translational imaging.

TL;DR: In hypocellular MDS, marrow failure appears to be not only the result of ineffective erythropoiesis of abnormal clones, but also due to inhibition of normal progenitors, resulting in MDS and leukemia.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a classification scheme in gastrointestinal oncology by the American Joint Commission on Cancer (tumor-node-metastasis [TNM] staging) and the World Health Organization (TNM staging).

TL;DR: This work will provide an overview of principles, decision-making, and new developments in palliative radiation therapy, which typically causes no systemic and mostly mild acute side effects.

TL;DR: The potential applications of miRNAs for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are summarized and current pitfalls and future directions are discussed.

TL;DR: Strategies and outcomes of existing and emerging treatment approaches, and the challenges associated with the integration of novel therapies into clinical practice are discussed.

TL;DR: The use of exogenously administered contrast agents allows compartment-specific enhancement of tumors, enabling imaging of functional blood and interstitial volumes and major trends in the development of specific probes for high-resolution imaging in molecular oncology are illustrated.

TL;DR: The various molecular mechanisms in lung cancer and the role of novel therapeutics are reviewed.