Showing papers in "The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology in 1995"

TL;DR: This review will discuss the physiologic and pathophysiologic aspects of clusterin and speculate on its role in disease.

TL;DR: Major unresolved questions concerning the role of mtDNA changes in ageing are addressed and future studies promise to clarify the possible causal relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species production, mtDNA modifications, and ageing.

TL;DR: The mouse model, in which the sexual differences in drug metabolizing enzyme activities vary by only 40-100%, are also regulated by sex-dependent plasma growth hormone profiles, and may be more representative of the vast majority of outbred species in which only subtle gender differences occur in drug metabolism.

TL;DR: A review of the known roles of iron in the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and new developments, including iron and transcription and the reaction of iron with nitric oxide is presented in this paper.

TL;DR: The chemical mechanisms of the partial reactions and some of the roles played by amino acid residues of the enzyme in catalysing the reaction have been elucidated, and the domain structure of the yeast enzyme has been deduced by comparing its amino acid sequence with those of enzymes that have similar catalytic functions.

TL;DR: A number of synthetic high affinity galanin receptor antagonists of the peptide type were developed recently, which have enabled the elucidation of functional roles of endogenous Galanin in several systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of dietary zinc on malondialdehyde (MDA) product as an index of endogenous lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH) and protein thiols (PrSHs) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rat blood, liver and pancreas was investigated.

TL;DR: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of feeding rats a range of fats with differing fatty acid compositions, and the total lipid content of the livers from rats fed the high fat diets was greater than that of those from Rats fed the LF diet.

TL;DR: This review examines current understanding of the expression and assembly of fibrillin and describes new approaches which are now being applied to elucidate the many outstanding structural, organisational and functional aspects of thefibrillin-containing microfibrils.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the ATPases activities are changed during lipid peroxide formation, and different mechanisms by which lipoperoxides affect the function of membrane-bound ATPase activities are indicated.

TL;DR: The findings of the study indicated that H. pylori can survive employing aminoacids as the basic nutrients, and suggested some of these metabolites were utilized via fermentative pathways with common characteristics to those found in anaerobes.

TL;DR: A brief interruption of blood flow to the brain results in the selective loss of specific subpopulations of neurons, and subtle changes in cytoplasmic Ca2+ content and a decrease in the respiratory capacity of mitochondria are two changes apparently selectively affecting ischaemia-susceptible regions which could contribute to neuronal loss.

TL;DR: Targeted disruption of members of the c-src family in transgenic mice has confirmed important roles for p56lck and p59fym(T) in T-lymphocyte maturation and activation, but has also revealed unexpected roles forp60c-src in bone maintenance and for p59 fym(B) in learning and memory.

TL;DR: Polyamine analogs are useful tools for investigating the mechanism(s) of polyamine-mediated toxicity and can be used as model substrates for studies of the polyamine transport system, which plays a critical role in maintaining normal cellular polyamine levels.

TL;DR: Cannabidiol inactivated cytochrome P450 UT-2 (CYP2C11) not equal to in male rats and a member of 3A subfamily in mouse liver, and microsomal aldehyde oxygenase activity in mouse hepatic microsomes is found for the first time.

TL;DR: The role of ATP and ADP as intercellular mediators is now well established as discussed by the authors, which can result from cell lysis, selective permeabilization of the plasma membrane and exocytosis of secretory vesicles, such as platelet dense bodies.

TL;DR: The DNA binding activity of the dimeric sequence-specific transcription factor NF-κB can be controlled by a variety of post-translational mechanisms, including interactions with inhibitor proteins and by its redox state.

TL;DR: Results showed that phospholipids phosph atidylcholine and phosphatidylserine were constituent part of the nuclear structures as were the enzymesospholipase A2 and sphingomyelinase, with a role for lipids and their breakdown products in metabolic events within the nucleus.

TL;DR: The insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor mediates most of the biological effects of IGF-I and -II and is modulated by a number of physiological and pathological factors, including developmental stage, nutritional status, hormones, growth disorders and malignancy.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review covers evidences showing that both glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes are micro-compartmentalized, a process by which rearrangement of enzymes on a dynamic cytomatrix leads to "channels" in which metabolic substrates are passed from one enzyme to the next.

TL;DR: Exercise-related changes in tissue levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances generally did not correlate with exercise-related antioxidant enzyme activity changes, and hypertension had no effect on these levels except in liver.

TL;DR: It is concluded that dietary supplementation with vitamin E, at a level 6 times higher than the minimum daily requirement for guinea pigs, increases protection against hepatic lipid peroxidation without depressing endogenous antioxidant defences.

TL;DR: It is concluded that uric acid in nasal lavage samples is scavenged by ozone in a dose and time dependent manner.

TL;DR: The behavioral signs exhibited by animals exposed to TCDD (progressive anorexia and body weight loss) suggest a role for the central nervous system (CNS) in T CDD toxicity, and elucidation of this role as well as the mechanism of TCDd-induced wasting may well advance the understanding of the regulation of food intake andBody weight.

TL;DR: The in vitro studies of the Ca(2+)-dependent interaction of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells calcyclin and its cyanogen bromide fragments with two potential calcyclIn targets: annexin II and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) suggest that the binding between calCyclin and GAPDH may have bearing on cal cyclin function.

TL;DR: In this article, a tritium release assay was used to characterize the biochemical mechanism of elastolysis by lysostaphin, and it was shown that the enzyme was maximal at neutral to slightly basic pH and proceeded linearly for 10 hours before reaching saturation.

TL;DR: Results suggest that relatively low toxicity of orally administered MM is a consequence of rapid hydrolysis of the ester by serum nonspecific carboxylesterase with subsequent very fast uptake and degradation of methacrylic acid to less toxic compounds.

TL;DR: Results suggest that 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4-pyranone derivatives might represent a new class of compounds with antileukemic activity.

TL;DR: The study showed testosterone-induced differential changes in the activity of two enzymes involved in ornithine biosynthesis and catabolism which accompanied ODC induction in female mouse kidney.

TL;DR: Nphrotic syndrome induced by puromycin aminonucleoside in rats is modified by dietary antioxidants (vitamin E and selenium) and dietary supplementation ameliorates it and dietary deficiency exacerbates it.