Showing papers in "Traffic Injury Prevention in 2017"

TL;DR: LDW/LKA systems were estimated to lower the driver injury risk in crash types that the systems are designed to prevent; that is, head-on and single-vehicle crashes.

TL;DR: E-bike and motorized scooter riders represent the majority of patients hospitalized due to related traffic incident in Israel, and this finding questions the social and economic advantages of electric-powered 2-wheeled vehicles.

TL;DR: Attitude was found to be the strongest predictor of intention, and intention was finding to mediate the relationship of willingness to TWD on perceived behavioral control.

TL;DR: This research confirmed that behavioral adaptation models are suitable for explaining speed adaptation of mobile phone distracted drivers, and future research could be focused on further theoretical refinement.

TL;DR: Differences exist in driving patterns of older and younger drivers as measured by reaction times and driving simulator outcomes, and these results are the first to compare these 2 specific adult age groups' driving performanceAs measured by a standardized driving simulator scenario.

TL;DR: It is found that unimpaired drivers tend to have more heterogeneity in their injury outcomes in the presence potentially adverse weather and road surface conditions, and alcohol-impaired and drug-imPAired drivers have far less heterogeneity in the factors that affect injury severity, suggesting an equalizing effect resulting from the decision-impairing substance.

TL;DR: There is a definite trend of increasedfatality risk when speed limits are raised, and as roadway sections with higher speed limits have become more ubiquitous, the increase in fatality risk has extended beyond these roadways.

TL;DR: To model fault in e-bike fatal crashes in a county-level city in China, a mixed logit model is introduced to explore significant factors associated with fault assignment, as well as accounting for similarity among fault assignment and heterogeneity within unobserved variables.

TL;DR: Driver trust varied among driver assistance technologies, and trust in adaptive cruise control and side-view assist differed among vehicles, which may affect real-world use of driver assist technologies.

TL;DR: Investigation of factors affecting pedestrian injury severity level under different weather conditions based on a publicly available accident database in Great Britain found elderly pedestrians are associated with higher pedestrian injury severities.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that drivers perceive rural roads as less risky than urban roads, even when similar scenarios occur in both environments, and the findings suggest that the assessment of risk posed by hazards is influenced more by individual differences in risk sensitivity.

TL;DR: The study revealed that attitude, perceived behavior control, descriptive norms, mobile phone involvement, and perceived ability to compensate all emerged as significant predictors of intentions, which could support the design of more effective safety campaigns and interventions to reduce pedestrians' distracted crossing behaviors.

TL;DR: The results from this study show that a majority of the traffic violations lead to severe injury to the violator as well as to other drivers, which helps make policy changes pertaining to penalty points and fines for violating a traffic rule.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relative risk of death among road users in northern Ghana was analyzed for the Upper Regions of Ghana using conditional probabilities and multivariable logistic regression techniques to report proportions and adjusted odds ratios (AORs).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate the number of crashes and number of vehicles with a seriously injured driver that could be prevented or reduced if, for every straight crossing path (SCP) intersection crash, one of the vehicles had been equipped with an I-ADAS.

TL;DR: Empirical regulation difficulties were associated with the self-reported risky driving behaviors of Lithuanian drivers, providing useful hints for improving driver training programs in order to prevent traffic injuries.

TL;DR: Evidence that real-time driver monitoring feedback is effective in reducing fatigue events is invaluable in the development of fleet safety policies, and of future national policy and vehicle safety regulations.

TL;DR: The number of studies evaluating RTI proportions and fatalities in SSA countries is increasing but without the exponential rise expected from World Health Organization calls for research during the Decade of Action for Road Traffic Injuries.

TL;DR: A combination of neuropsychological test performance and simulated driving behavior proved to be the most valid predictor of practical fitness to drive in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that the special light zones can help relieve drivers' vision fatigue to some extent and further develop certain visual stimulus that can enhance drivers' attention.

TL;DR: This study introduced the development of a parametric model that statistically predicts individual child body shapes in seated postures with a few given parameters and allows the generation of an infinite number of virtual children spanning a wide range of body sizes and postures.

TL;DR: Most facial injuries in Taiwan occur in young males and typically result from RTAs, particularly involving motorcycles, however, with increasing age, there is an increase in the proportion of facial injuries due to falls.

TL;DR: This study showed the impact of variables, such as the presence of blood alcohol, the use of protection devices, the type of crash, and the site characteristics, on the injury severity classified according to the MAIS score, showing that elderly and male road users are highly associated with MAIS 3+ injuries.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify, critically appraise, summarize, and synthesize evidence from cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) of interventions aimed at preventing road traffic injuries (RTIs) in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) by age group and road users targeted.

TL;DR: The data suggest that multistage alerts, which provide an indication of increasing urgency, were more effective in reducing drowsy lane departures than single-stage discrete alerts, particularly during early morning drives when drivers were drowsier.

TL;DR: Safety interventions for preventing speed violation behaviors should be aimed at underlying beliefs influencing the speeding behaviors of drivers of advanced vehicles, with a significant positive relationship between TPB and FLT constructs.

TL;DR: Almost half of all head-on and single-vehicle crashes were identified as being a consequence of drifting, where LDW systems had the potential to prevent the majority (33–38) of these crashes.

TL;DR: The magnitude of this benefit indicates that the retrofits are cost-effective even for total crashes and should continue in any European country inasmuch as the estimated Crash Modification Factors are based on treatment sites that are reasonably representative of all European motorways.

TL;DR: An alternative and complementary approach to estimating population-level compliance with GDL nighttime and passenger restrictions via application of the quasi-induced exposure (QIE) method is proposed and formative work is described to ensure this method can be validly applied among young intermediate drivers.

TL;DR: The PFEM generally predicted the injuries that the PMHS sustained but overestimated injuries in the ankle and leg regions but shows potential as a valuable tool for developing novel pedestrian safety systems.