Showing papers in "Veterinary Microbiology in 2001"

TL;DR: Newly hatched specific pathogen-free chicks were dosed with a suspension of Bacillus subtilis spores prior to challenge with Escherichia coli O78:K80, a known virulent strain associated with avian colibacillosis, 24h later and persisted in the intestine although with decreasing numbers over the same period.

TL;DR: The results of the present investigation show that a broad distribution of identical or closely related enterotoxin-producing S. aureus clones seem to contribute to the bovine mastitis problem in north-east Switzerland.

TL;DR: It is suggested that cohort level, as opposed to farm or company level events or management practices, may be important as potential risk factors for S. enterica on swine farms and may suggest that uncontrolled studies of interventions to control S. entersica may yield misleading results.

TL;DR: A small to moderate herd size, a previous diagnosis of clinical Salmonella infection in the herd, the use of tylosin as an antimicrobial growth promoter in finishing feed, or herds which had more than 16% of the livers of their pigs condemned at the slaughterhouse as a result of white spots were associated with a higher Salmoneella seroprevalence.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the epidemiology of nosocomial infections with A. baumannii and E. faecium may differ from that of S. intermedius infections and that preventive measures may have to be adapted to the problem organism.

TL;DR: A medium level of seropositive animals when taken individually, but a high prevalence of infected farms, which has been notoriously increased in the last 15 years as shown when compared with previous data from particular geographic areas, indicating that BLV constitutes a serious sanitary problem for dairy producers in Argentina.

TL;DR: These findings are the first to establish the immunostimulatory activity of CpG ODN in pigs, and suggest that the therapeutic uses envisioned for these ODNs (as vaccine adjuvants and immunoprotective agents) may be applicable to husbandry animals.

TL;DR: PCR confirmed the presence of A. pleuropneumoniae in 16/17 homogenates from necrotic lung lesions, while the bacterium was successfully recovered from 13 of these lesions by culture.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review salient features of current understanding of processes involved throughout the course of infection by this unique pathogen, based upon evidence provided by mainly pathological and histological investigations conducted to date.

TL;DR: The results suggest the rapid increase in streptococcal species in the caecum and colon observed in parallel with carbohydrate induced equine laminitis may directly cause laminationitis via production of exotoxin(s) capable of activating resident MMPs within the lamellar structure.

TL;DR: The ability of porcine circovirus 2 to replicate and cause pathologic abnormalities in foetuses at selected time points of gestation was examined in this study and the heart contained the highest virus titre and highest number of viral antigen positive cells.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that the emergence of acute PRRS is due to reversion of MLVs to a pathogenic phenotype is not fully supported, as only one of the eight acute isolates was shown to be very closely related to the RespPRRS MLV.

TL;DR: The present results lead to the conclusion that vertical transmission or horizontal transmission via the hatchery are not significant transmission routes of C. jejuni to broiler chickens under Danish conditions.

TL;DR: The results indicate that DMV infects cetaceans worldwide, and suggest that DMV is not endemic within these populations, that they are losing their humoral immunity against the virus and that they may be vulnerable to new epidemics.

TL;DR: Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that bacteremia, after adjustment for age and flea infestation, and positive serology, after adjusting for age, were associated with origin of adoption and number of cats in the household.

TL;DR: The efficacy of the vaccine was best if used 3 weeks before challenge and a clear correlation between time interval from vaccination to challenge and the level of virus shedding was observed.

TL;DR: This work confirms that pigeons represent a natural reservoir of STEC strains characterized by the production of the toxin variant Stx2f, and by the frequent presence of eae and cldt genes.

TL;DR: A defined specific antigen such as ESAT-6 can markedly improve the specificity of the IFN-gamma test for re-testing skin test-positive animals, which could be particularly useful to reduce the false positive rate, yet still maintain an acceptable level of sensitivity.

TL;DR: Feline coronavirus genomic RNA was detected consistently in this study in biologic samples from adult cats, kittens suffering from FIP, and their siblings and it is speculated the deletion variant arose from the non-deletion variant during viral replication in this population.

TL;DR: WD was reproduced in ser onegative lactating cows and the cows showed a more severe general diseases than seronegative calves infected concurrently, suggesting that the same strains of BCV cause natural outbreaks of calf diarrhoea and WD.

TL;DR: Tetrathionate broth proved to be a much better enrichment media compared to selenite-cystine when the presence of Salmonella was evaluated by PCR in 1-day-old chicks experimentally infected with known numbers ofSalmonella.

TL;DR: The Salmonella-ELISA proved to be useful to detect S. Typhimurium and S. Brandenburg in herds but was of limited value to demonstrate S. Livingstone, S. Goldcoast, and Panama.

TL;DR: The long term circulation of type 2 BVDV (situation similar to that of North America before the epidemic of 1993), and the existence of viral populations which differ from the reference strains commonly used in vaccine elaboration should be considered by manufacturers of diagnostic reagents and vaccines.

TL;DR: A collection of 77 Staphylococcus intermedius isolates from dogs and cats in Switzerland was examined for resistance to erythromycin, and ribotyping showed that macrolide-aminoglycoside resistance was randomly distributed among unrelated strains, suggesting that this particular resistance profile is not related to a single bacterial clone but to the horizontal transfer of resistance gene clusters in S. intermedius populations.

TL;DR: A single tube, multiplex reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/PCR assay was developed for detection of feline herpesvirus 1, Chlamydia psittaci and feline calicivirus in cats with upper respiratory tract disease (URTD), incorporating a simple, rapid extraction procedure capable of extracting both DNA and RNA.

TL;DR: Clostridium perfringens isolated from lambs with dysentery were analysed by a DNA amplification technique, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in order to determine the prevalence of the α-, β-, β2-, e-, ι- and enterotoxin genes.

TL;DR: The PCR was more sensitive than the traditional cultural methods since it detected Brucella-DNA in 12 out of 120 semen samples while direct culture detected only 7 in the same semen samples, and the limit of detection by PCR was 100 CFU/ml of semen.

TL;DR: The investigation of the reproduction effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus type-2 (BVDV-2) infection in ewes inoculated with a non-cytopathic BVD V-2 isolate at three stages of gestation demonstrates that the biology of BVDv-2 infection in pregnant sheep is essentially similar to that of BvdV-1 in pregnant cattle and sheep.

TL;DR: Agreement on methodology and calibration of ELISA tests would make these results comparable between countries and is a prerequisite for a co-ordinated and integrated program to reduce Salmonella in pork in the European Union.

TL;DR: The current state of knowledge for the cytolytic mechanism, role in pathogenesis and structure of these two toxins are examined.