Showing papers in "Water Research in 1984"

TL;DR: In this article, the Na-exchanged clinoptilolite in presence of ammonium ions has been analyzed and the selectivity of the Na exchange is calculated by plotting the exchange isotherms relative to the various cations.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of diversity indices, biotic indices and similarity indices for aquatic ecosystems is presented, with a focus on the promising members of the two indices of community structure (diversity and similarity) as these are of broad applicability.

TL;DR: In this paper, the correlation between the current density and the aluminium dosing and provides results showing the necessary overpotential of the electrocoagulation process for aquatic humus removal.

TL;DR: A manual method for nitrate analysis that meets the objectives of accuracy, efficiency, and small sample volume is presented in this article, where samples buffered at pH 8.5 are shaken for about 90 min with spongy cadmium.

TL;DR: In this article, the colorimetric indophenol blue method was used for ammonia determination in natural waters by Solorzano's procedure, with phenol-alcohol, nitro-prusside, alkaline citrate and hypochlorite as reagents, was shown to be appropriate for routine work.

TL;DR: The methanogenic associations, grown on a medium containing mainly acetate and ethanol, were found to be more resistant to NaCl and NH 4 Cl than previously reported.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the adsorption of lead, copper and cobalt by activated carbon from aqueous solution and found that the solution pH was the most important parameter affecting the adsoreption.

TL;DR: In this paper, preliminary screening tests comparing the total Hg(II) removal capacity of 11 different brands of commercial activated carbon indicated that a very high percent (99-100%) total hg removal was attained by all types of activated carbon especially at pH 4-5.

TL;DR: Phenol and seven alkylphenols (o-, m- and p-cresol, 2.5-, 2.6-, 3.4-and 3,5-dimethylphenol) were added at various concentrations to aliquots of domestic anaerobic sludge in Hungate serum bottles and these were incubated at 37°C as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: It can be stated that thermochemical pretreatment enhances WAS bioconvertsibility, while under identical treatment conditions, resulted in a considerable reduction in the bioconvertibility of individual nitrogen compounds and mixtures.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used fish bioconcentration factors (BCF) for the prediction of the environmental effects of new chemicals and some studies have proposed that they can be predicted from physico-chemical properties of the chemical.

TL;DR: In this paper, a generalized sensitivity analysis prior to EKF estimation is suggested as a pragmatic approach to identify the subset of physically, chemically or biologically meaningful parameters controlling system behaviour in mechanistic models.

TL;DR: In this paper, the strength and nature of the binding of heavy metal ions to bacterial extracellular polymers has been investigated, and the conditional stability constants (Kt) for complexes formed between extracted Klebsiella aerogenes polymer and copper, cadmium, cobalt and nickel were determined, using a gel chromatographic technique.

TL;DR: In this paper, a reaction scheme was proposed in which bromide is oxidized to HOBr, which then brominates ammonia to produce NH2Br. NH 2Br in turn reacts with O3 to form NO3− and also to generate Br−, which thus acts as a catalyst.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relative importance of secondary sewage, urban runoff, a landfill containing metal-enriched ash wastes and a yacht harbor in contributing to Ag, Cu and Zn enrichment in South San Francisco Bay was assessed.

TL;DR: In this article, the biodegradabilite des surfactants et leur toxicite envers les microorganismes is discussed. But le toxicite is not considered.

TL;DR: The influence of substrate, pH, diet and temperature upon the accumulation of cadmium in the visceral mass of the Asiatic clam Corbicula fluminea was studied and its use as a bioindicator of heavy metal stress was discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the concentrations of coprostanol and hydrocarbons were measured in the effluent from the Chesapeake-Elizabeth sewage treatment plant (STP) and surface sediments from the area surrounding the discharge site.

TL;DR: In this paper, a wide range of regenerants, inorganic and organic, was evaluated in the treatment of carbon samples exhausted with mono-substituted benzene compounds, and the relationship between the molecular weight of the adsorbate and that of the organic regenerant was observed to be of significant importance.

TL;DR: Batch bioassays have been conducted to characterize the response of methanogenic bacteria to several constituents of sulfite evaporator condensate, finding that organisms acclimated to low concentrations of a toxicant are better able to withstand a shock load of that toxicant than are unacclimated organisms.

TL;DR: A comparison of modeles cinetiques for chlore libre ou combine for microbienne inactivation is presented in this paper, where the result is based on the chick-Watson method.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the fraction of a volatile gas such as hypochlorous acid (HOCl) which is removed by stripping is determined by Henry's constant H for that gas: H = XG/XL, where XG is the mole fraction of the gas in the air and XL is the molecular fraction of HOCl in the water.

TL;DR: In this paper, a method for the two-stage removal of nitrogen from highly loaded nitrogenous wastewaters carrying varying proportions of nitrates, nitrites and ammonium is presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the structure and results from an a priori speculative simulation model of the nitrogen dynamics of eutrophic Peel Inlet are described, and the results of this simulation exercise, and those of the earlier study of the phosphorus scenario, are compared with field and laboratory data collected subsequently.

TL;DR: The mechanisms of adsorption of cadmium, mercury and lead on shredded rubber from old automobile types have been studied and it is shown that at least two distinct processes can be involved depending upon the metal being adsorbed.

TL;DR: Data suggest that current bacteriological water quality standards for potable water do not reflect viral contamination, and that while many tapwater samples did not meet U.S. coliform standards, some samples containing infectious virus did.

TL;DR: The tolerances of three species of algae tested with three surfactants, LAS, AE (EO:9) and soap, were different and the inhibitory effects were species specific.

TL;DR: In this article, the behaviour, fate and significance of detergent builder nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) has been reviewed with particular reference to the removal of NTA during wastewater treatment and its effects on heavy metal solubility both during treatment and in the receiving environment.

TL;DR: In this article, the main reactions that have been studied in water between chlorine dioxide and various groups of organic compounds have been summarized and a prediction was made as to which main organic products will be formed and which health effects may be expected.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the Sputter-Cryo technique preserves the integrity of the biofilm while other methods can be utilised for visualisation of the bacteria.