Showing papers in "World Development in 1995"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the empirical relationship between long-run growth and financial development, proxied by the ratio between bank credit to the private sector and GDP, and found that this proxy is positively correlated with growth in a large cross-country sample, but its impact changes across countries, and is negative in a panel data for Latin America.

TL;DR: The authors argue that the dominant scientific paradigm of positivism has served us well over three to four centuries, but it is not well suited to contexts where uncertainties are high, and problems are open to interpretation.

TL;DR: In this article, the major vulnerabilities faced by small island developing states (SIDS) are discussed and when possible quantified in the form of an index, an attempt is also made to construct a composite index of vulnerability.

TL;DR: In this article, a framework for analyzing the links between poverty and the environment in rural areas of developing countries is presented, with particular focus on farm household income generation and investment strategies as determinants.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce the idea of the latecomer firm to explore how the four dragons of East Asia (South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore) learned to innovate in electronics.

TL;DR: This article examined the long-run economic and development performance of a more general grouping of mineral-based economies, and found little corroborating evidence that a booming minerals sector may not only lead to Dutch disease effects, it may also be a development curse.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the assumptions these initiatives make about rural hunters and describe how the programs attempt to induce individuals away from illegal hunting, and find that these programs misunderstand some of the economic, political and social benefits of local hunting.

TL;DR: Initiatives to link rural development and species conservation, known as integrated conservation-development projects (ICDPs), have been launched with considerable fanfare and funding around the world.

TL;DR: In this article, a social science analysis has helped to explain the rapid and recent deforestation supposed to have occurred in Guinea, West Africa, where a narrative concerning population growth and the breakdown of past authority and community organization which once maintained original forest vegetation guides policy.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare Rotating and Accumulating Savings and Credit Associations (ROCA) and ASCRAs, and find similarities and differences between them.

TL;DR: This paper analyzed the relationship between women's share of the labor force and the processes of long-term economic development, and macroeconomic changes associated with structural adjustment using cross-country data pooled for 1985 and 1990.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of empirical research carried out in two footwear clusters located in Italy, the "land of industrial districts" and two clusters of footwear enterprises in Mexico.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the evolution of China's policy toward foreign direct investment (FDI) during the post-1978 period and analyzed the volume, sources, geographic distribution and composition of FDI.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the linkages between economic strategies, access to land, and food security, and discuss the policy implications of urban farming in African cities, and they discuss the impact of household level Intra-household dynamics and gender relations.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that a key determinant in the development contribution of nongovernment organizations (NGOs) is the relationship between NGOs and the state, and that donors can use the policy dialogue to encourage governments to foster a more enabling environment for NGO activities.

TL;DR: The authors examined the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and income inequality and found that the statistically significant correlation between FDI and inequality might capture more of the geographical difference in inequality than the deleterious influence of FDI, and to the extent that FDI does give rise to more unequal income distribution in the host less-developed countries (LDCs), only East/Southeast Asia, only LDCs appear to have been harmed by the inflow of FI during the 1970s.

TL;DR: The authors discusses strategies for introducing gender analysis into macroeconomic models and evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the models from a gender perspective, concluding that besides being blind to gender, the models are also blind to the waste of resources and impoverishment that stems from deficient aggregate demand, undemocratic decision making and directly unproductive expenditures that buttress male power.

TL;DR: A century of centralized forestry policies has excluded Senegal's forest villagers from charcoal production and marketing as discussed by the authors, and this new policy may not be equitable nor beneficial, and it risks adding control over village labor (for forest management) to the long list of Forest Service controls.

TL;DR: The authors studied the factors behind differences in per capita growth rates across Africa and found that various economic factors including initial conditions, investment, population growth, trade orientation, inflation, financial development, and the growth of the government sector contribute significantly to economic growth.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple framework based on a theory of land rent capture is developed to explain agricultural expansion, and applied in the study of recent changes in shifting cultivators' adaptations in a lowland rainforest area in Sumatra, Indonesia.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine why a growing number of government bureaucracies are attempting to develop and integrate participatory research and development approaches into their program activities using a conceptual model of the institutional learning and training cycle.

TL;DR: The authors analyzes the nature of government involvement in the Singapore model of economic development, and the emergence of a developmental state closely associated with this model, and compares Singapore's experience with South Korea's and Taiwan's, where government also contributed to development success, and with other Asian countries where government failed to play a strong developmental role.

TL;DR: This paper argued that women's work and its inclusion in labor force and national accounting statistics has made progress toward engendering economic analysis and pointed out that the influence of postmodernism and the development of feminist theory have laid the basis for the task of transforming economics and ensembling theory and policy, and that feminist analysis has shifted from its main concentration on microeconomics to the discussion of macroeconomics.

TL;DR: The Except-Africa narrative as discussed by the authors is one of the two development narratives about Africa that are factually incorrect and do an extremely poor job of stabilizing decision making in heterogeneous and changing African settings.

TL;DR: In the wake of the 1985 famine, the Ethiopian government launched an ambitious program of environmental reclamation supported by donors and nongovernment organizations and backed by the largest food-for-work program in Africa.

TL;DR: In this paper, a study of agroforestry adoption by 3,000 project participants in Siaya and South Nyanza districts in Kenya supports three hypotheses: historical increases in tree domestication and management intensity are responses to declining supply of uncultivated tree resources, increased subsistence and commercial demand for tree products, and perceived risks of ecological degradation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the institutional factors shaping the demand for maize seed research in Malawi and found that the importance of farmers' capacity to articulate their interests through collective action and institutions was demonstrated.

TL;DR: In this paper, empirical analyses of cooperative watershed management in Haiti reveal that, given a conducive environment and political leadership, groups will emerge and survive where a "critical mass" of individuals have practical knowledge of the potential gains from action.

TL;DR: Zimbabwe's maize-based Green Revolution challenges those who allege that hybrid maize cannot compete with sorghum in low rainfall areas and that it is unsuitable for resource-poor farmers because of the need to purchase new seed each year.

TL;DR: A review of more than 300 studies on the Green Revolution published during 1970-1989 shows that about 80% of those studies which had conclusions on the distributional effects of the new technology found that inequality increased, both interfarm and interregional.