Journal ArticleDOI
A critical reappraisal of the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in the study of snake bite
M. Ho,M. Ho,Mary J. Warrell,Mary J. Warrell,Mary J. Warrell,David A. Warrell,David A. Warrell,David A. Warrell,D. E. Bidwell,A. Voller,A. Voller +10 more
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TLDR
To fulfil its potential as the most versatile immunoassay technique in snake bite research, the test conditions of the ELISA will have to be much more stringently controlled in future.About:
This article is published in Toxicon.The article was published on 1986-01-01. It has received 138 citations till now.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Snake Bite in South Asia: A Review
TL;DR: The deficiency of snake bite management in South Asia is multi-causal and requires joint collaborative efforts from researchers, antivenom manufacturers, policy makers, public health authorities and international funders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Snake Antivenoms: Antivenoms
TL;DR: The concept of antivenoms was first developed by Henry Sewall in 1887 when he demonstrated that pigeons could be immunized against the effects of pygmy rattlesnake venom by successive inoculations of increasing doses of venom.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical trial of two antivenoms for the treatment of Bothrops and Lachesis bites in the north eastern Amazon region of Brazil.
Pedro Pereira de Oliveira Pardal,Suzana Medeiro Souza,Maria Rita de Cassia Costa Monteiro,Hui Wen Fan,João Luiz Costa Cardoso,F.O.S. França,S. C. Tomy,Ida S. Sano-Martins,Maria Cristina Cirillo Sousa-e-Silva,Mônica Colombini,Nancy F Kodera,Ana M. Moura-da-Silva,D.F. Cardoso,David Toledo Velarde,Aura S. Kamiguti,R.D.G. Theakston,David A. Warrell,David A. Warrell +17 more
TL;DR: Investigation of whether a specific antivenom raised against the venom of B. atrox, the most important Amazon snake species from a medical point of view, was necessary for the treatment of patients in this region indicated that both antivenoms were equally effective in reversing all signs of envenoming detected both clinically and in the laboratory.
Journal ArticleDOI
A randomized blinded clinical trial of two antivenoms, prepared by caprylic acid or ammonium sulphate fractionation of IgG, in Bothrops and Porthidium snake bites in Colombia: correlation between safety and biochemical characteristics of antivenoms.
Rafael Otero,José María Gutiérrez,Gustavo Rojas,V Núñez,A. Díaz,E Miranda,A.F Uribe,Juan F. Silva,J.G Ospina,Y. Medina,María Fabiola Toro,M.E. Garcı́a,Guillermo León,M. E. Garcia,Sergio Lizano,J De La Torre,Juan Gómez Márquez,Y. Mena,Niurca González,L.C Arenas,A Puzón,N Blanco,A. Sierra,M.E Espinal,M Arboleda,J.C Jiménez,Patricia Ramírez,Manuel Cánovas Díaz,M.C Guzmán,J Barros,S Henao,Amelie G. Ramirez,U Macea,R Lozano +33 more
TL;DR: A randomized blinded clinical trial was performed in 53 patients bitten by Bothrops sp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recurrent and persistent coagulopathy following pit viper envenomation.
Leslie V. Boyer,Steven A. Seifert,Richard F. Clark,Jude McNally,Saralyn R. Williams,Sean Patrick Nordt,Frank G. Walter,Richard C. Dart +7 more
TL;DR: Prolonged or recurrent coagulopathy may occur after envenomation by North American pit vipers, and patients treated with Fab-based antivenom may benefit from periodic rather than single-bolus dosing.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Poisoning by bites of the saw-scaled or carpet viper (Echis carinatus) in Nigeria.
David A. Warrell,Davidson NMcD,Brian Greenwood,L D Ormerod,H M Pope,B J Watkins,C R Prentice +6 more
TL;DR: Spontaneous haemorrhage is clinically the most important effect of E. carinatus venom, causing the five deaths in this series, and it seems likely that a procoagulant action (direct activation of prothrombin) is principal effect on blood coagulation in man.
Journal ArticleDOI
Micro-elisa for detecting and assaying snake venom and venom-antibody
TL;DR: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can detect venom levels down to 1-5 ng/ml and should clarify many basic problems of envenoming in man.
Journal ArticleDOI
Necrosis, Haemorrhage and Complement Depletion Following Bites by the Spitting Cobra (Naja nigricollis)
TL;DR: Fourteen patients with proven N. nigricollis bites, who were seen in the savanna region of Nigeria, did not exhibit the neurological signs, such as cranial nerve lesions and respiratory paralysis, expected following Elapid poisoning, and showed depletion of complement component C3 and glycine-rich beta-glycoprotein (GBG), suggesting activation of the alternative pathway of complement fixation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Severe neurotoxic envenoming by the Malayan krait Bungarus candidus (Linnaeus): response to antivenom and anticholinesterase.
David A. Warrell,Sornchai Looareesuwan,Nicholas J. White,R.D.G. Theakston,M. J. Warrell,W Kosakarn,H A Reid +6 more
TL;DR: Five patients were bitten by the Malayan krait Bungarus candidus in eastern Thailand or north western Malaya and three developed generalised paralysis which progressed to respiratory paralysis in two cases, one of which ended fatally.
Journal ArticleDOI
The application of immunoassay techniques, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), to snake venom research
TL;DR: It is concluded that ELISA is the most versatile immunoassay technique so far applied to the field of venom research, its main advantages over other methods including relatively high levels of sensitivity and specificity, reproducibility, simplicity and ease of sample collection.