Journal ArticleDOI
A defined medium for rumen bacteria and identification of strains impaired in de novo biosynthesis of certain amino acids
N. Nili,J.D. Brooker +1 more
TLDR
A completely defined growth medium has been developed to determine the nitrogen requirements for several species of ruminal bacteria, and has revealed two strains which are impaired in de novo biosynthesis of certain amino acids.Abstract:
A completely defined growth medium has been developed to determine the nitrogen requirements for several species of ruminal bacteria, and has revealed two strains which are impaired in de novo biosynthesis of certain amino acids. Using NH4Cl as a sole nitrogen source, the medium supported growth of Butyrivibrio, Selenomonas, Prevotella and Streptococcus species. One strain of B. fibrisolvens (E14) and one strain of P. ruminicola (GA33) did not grow in the presence of NH4Cl until the medium was supplemented with amino acids or peptides. For B. fibrisolvens strain E14, methionine was identified as the specific growth-limiting amino acid although methionine alone did not support growth in the absence of NH4Cl. For P. ruminicola strain GA33, any individual amino acid other than methionine or cysteine could supplement the medium and support growth. Enzyme assays confirmed a lack of NADH and NADPH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities in this strain.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
The rumen bacteria
TL;DR: It is to be hoped that the major obstacles to cultivation of the most numerous rumen bacteria have been overcome by the development of sufficiently rigorous anaerobic methods and of suitable isolation media.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemically defined media for commercial fermentations
J. Zhang,Randolph Greasham +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the application, development, and practical considerations of fermentations in chemically defined media in an industrial environment and present a review of the application and process economics of such media.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of hydrolysable and condensed tannins on growth, morphology and metabolism of Streptococcus gallolyticus (S-caprinus) and Streptococcus bovis
L. A. O'Donovan,J.D. Brooker +1 more
TL;DR: Data demonstrate that S. gallolyticus has developed a number of mechanisms to reduce the potential effect of tannins on cell growth, and that these mechanisms provide the organism with a selective advantage over S. bovis when grown in the presence of tANNins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecology, metabolism, and genetics of ruminal Selenomonads
TL;DR: Experimental evidence suggests that ammonia assimilatory enzymes in some strains may possess unique properties with respect to other presumably similar bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metabolic networks for nitrogen utilization in Prevotella ruminicola 23.
Jong Nam Kim,Jong Nam Kim,Celia Méndez–García,Renae R Geier,Michael Iakiviak,Jongsoo Chang,Isaac Cann,Roderick I. Mackie +7 more
TL;DR: The observed patterns of transcript abundances for genes involved in ammonium assimilation differed from the classical “enteric paradigm” for nitrogen utilization, which might be a key feature for ecological success in habitats such as the rumen and human colon where nitrogen is rarely limiting for growth.
References
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A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding
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TL;DR: The results show that medium 10 is suitable for enumeration and isolation of many predominant rumen bacteria and Regardless of differences in the predominant flora associated with diet, medium 10 and the RFM supported growth of similar bacterial populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Some nutritional characteristics of predominant culturable ruminal bacteria
Marvin P. Bryant,I. M. Robinson +1 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that most strains of ruminal bacteria can be grown in defined media, and suggest the relative importance of NH(4) (+) and volatile fatty acids and the relative lack of importance of organic nitrogen compounds such as amino acids in the nutrition of these bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Peptides and Amino Acids on Efficiency of Rumen Bacterial Protein Synthesis in Continuous Culture
TL;DR: Five species of rumen bacteria were grown in continuous culture to study effects of peptides and amino acids on efficiency of energy utilization for microbial protein synthesis and Amino acids were converted most efficiently to bacterial protein at concentrations of amino acid source below .031 g/liter.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differential carbohydrate media and anaerobic replica plating techniques in delineating carbohydrate-utilizing subgroups in rumen bacterial populations.
J A Leedle,R B Hespell +1 more
TL;DR: The DC media were found by plating techniques to be suitable for differentiating mixed rumen bacterial populations into subgroups based upon carbohydrate utilization as shown by differences in subgroup profiles found within solid and liquid fractions of rumen contents.