Journal ArticleDOI
A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide
TLDR
In order to make experimental studies comparable and statistically meaningful, the article recommends the following formula: per cent control = 100(X - Y)/X, which eliminates errors due to deaths in the control sample which were not due to the insecticide.Abstract:
There are several statistical methods used in biology (entomology) for computing the effectiveness of an insecticide, based on relating the number of dead insects in the treated plat to the number of live ones in the untreated plat. In order to make experimental studies comparable and statistically meaningful, the article recommends the following formula: per cent control = 100(X - Y)/X, where X = % living in the untreated check sample and Y = % living in the treated sample. Calculation using this method eliminates errors due to deaths in the control sample which were not due to the insecticide. An example based on treatments of San Jose scale includes computation of probable errors for X and Y, and the significance of the difference between the two counts. Common biometric convention holds that when the difference between the results of two experiments is greater than three times its probable error, the results are significant and due to the treatment applied.read more
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Localized Control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Miami, FL, via Inundative Releases of Wolbachia-Infected Male Mosquitoes
TL;DR: The observed population reduction and results encourage additional work and replication of the Wolbachia biopesticide approach against Ae.
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Potential of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. and Perry) as a grain protectant against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.
TL;DR: Both polar and non-polar clove extracts were applied to milled rice which was then exposed to the two species of beetles separately in treated medium tests and the polar fractions had no effect on the mortality of both species of insects.
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Insecticidal activities of leaf and twig essential oils from Clausena excavata against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus larvae.
Sen-Sung Cheng,Hui-Ting Chang,Chun-Ya Lin,Pin-Sheng Chen,Chin-Gi Huang,Wei-June Chen,Shang-Tzen Chang +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that C. excavata leaf and twig essential oils possess mosquito larvicidal activity, inhibiting the growth of mosquito larvae for both species at a low concentration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotoxicity and Mode of Action of N, N-Diethyl-Meta-Toluamide (DEET)
TL;DR: Findings suggest DEET is likely targeting octopaminergic synapses to induce neuroexcitation and toxicity in insects, while acetylcholinesterase in both insects and mammals has low sensitivity to DEET.
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Toxicity of Piper aduncum L. (Piperales: Piperaceae) from the Amazon forest for the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae).
Wilson Castro Silva,João Ricardo Martins,Hellen Emília Menezes de Souza,Horacio Heinzen,María Verónica Cesio,Mauricio Mato,Francine Albrecht,João Lúcio Azevedo,Neiva Monteiro de Barros +8 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that P. aduncum extracts, and particularly its essential oil, are potential alternative control agents for R. microplus.