Journal ArticleDOI
A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide
TLDR
In order to make experimental studies comparable and statistically meaningful, the article recommends the following formula: per cent control = 100(X - Y)/X, which eliminates errors due to deaths in the control sample which were not due to the insecticide.Abstract:
There are several statistical methods used in biology (entomology) for computing the effectiveness of an insecticide, based on relating the number of dead insects in the treated plat to the number of live ones in the untreated plat. In order to make experimental studies comparable and statistically meaningful, the article recommends the following formula: per cent control = 100(X - Y)/X, where X = % living in the untreated check sample and Y = % living in the treated sample. Calculation using this method eliminates errors due to deaths in the control sample which were not due to the insecticide. An example based on treatments of San Jose scale includes computation of probable errors for X and Y, and the significance of the difference between the two counts. Common biometric convention holds that when the difference between the results of two experiments is greater than three times its probable error, the results are significant and due to the treatment applied.read more
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Insecticidal and Acaricidal Activity of Carvacrol and β-Thujaplicine Derived from Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondai Sawdust
TL;DR: In tests using the filter paper diffusion method, carvacrol had broad insecticidal and acaricidal activity against agricultural, stored-product, and medical arthropod pests, but β-thujaplicine showed only weak termiticidal activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Insecticidal efficacy of diatomaceous earth against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium confusum du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on stored wheat: influence of dose rate, temperature and exposure interval
Christos G. Athanassiou,B.J. Vayias,Constantin B. Dimizas,Nickolas G. Kavallieratos,A.S. Papagregoriou,C. Th. Buchelos +5 more
TL;DR: For both species, dose rate, temperature and exposure interval significantly affected mortality (P), and the insecticidal effect of a diatomaceous earth formulation against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum on stored wheat was assessed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endophytic actinomycetes Streptomyces spp mediated biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles as a promising tool for biotechnological applications.
Saad El-Din Hassan,Amr Fouda,Ahmed A. Radwan,Salem S. Salem,Mohammed G. Barghoth,Mohamed A. Awad,Abdullah M. Abdo,Mamdouh S. El-Gamal +7 more
TL;DR: Results obtained in this study clearly showed that biosynthesized CuO-NPs exhibited effective bioactivity and, therefore, provide a base for the development of versatile biotechnological applications soon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Probit Analysis of Correlated Data: Multiple Observations Over Time at One Concentration
TL;DR: A method to analyze serial time–mortality data from bioassay experiments where successive observations are made on the same group of organisms exposed to 1 concentration of a stimulus (for example, a pesticide) is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recommendations for the design of laboratory studies on non-target arthropods for risk assessment of genetically engineered plants
Jörg Romeis,Richard L. Hellmich,Marco P. Candolfi,Keri Carstens,Adinda De Schrijver,Angharad M. R. Gatehouse,Rod A. Herman,Joseph E. Huesing,Morven A. McLean,Alan Raybould,Anthony M. Shelton,Annabel Fellman Waggoner +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide recommendations on experimental design for early-tier laboratory studies used in risk assessments to evaluate potential adverse impacts of arthropod-resistant genetically engineered (GE) plants on non-target arthropods (NTAs).