Journal ArticleDOI
A multiscale approach for modeling actuation response of polymeric artificial muscles.
Soodabeh Sharafi,Guoqiang Li +1 more
TLDR
A computationally efficient phenomenological thermo-mechanical constitutive model is developed in which several physical properties of the artificial muscles are incorporated to minimize the trial-and-error numerical curve fitting processes.Abstract:
Artificial muscles are emerging materials in the field of smart materials with applications in aerospace, robotic, and biomedical industries. Despite extensive experimental investigations in this field, there is a need for numerical modeling techniques that facilitate cutting edge research and development. This work aims at studying an artificial muscle made of twisted Nylon 6.6 fibers that are highly cold-drawn. A computationally efficient phenomenological thermo-mechanical constitutive model is developed in which several physical properties of the artificial muscles are incorporated to minimize the trial-and-error numerical curve fitting processes. Two types of molecular chains are considered at the micro-scale level that control training and actuation processes viz. (a) helically oriented chains which are structural switches that store a twisted shape in their low temperature phase and restore their random configuration during the thermal actuation process, and (b) entropic chains which are highly drawn chains that could actuate as soon as the muscle heats up, and saturates when coil contact temperature is reached. The thermal actuation response of the muscle over working temperatures has been elaborated in the Modeling section. The performance of the model is validated by available experiments in the literature. The model may provide a design platform for future artificial muscle developments.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Artificial Muscles: Mechanisms, Applications, and Challenges.
Seyed M. Mirvakili,Ian W. Hunter +1 more
TL;DR: The structure, actuation mechanism, applications, and limitations of recently developed artificial muscles, including highly oriented semicrystalline polymer fibers; nanocomposite actuators; twisted nanofiber yarns; thermally activated shape-memory alloys; ionic-polymer/metal composites; dielectric-elastomer actuator; and pneumatic actuators are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in healing-on-demand polymers and polymer composites
Pengfei Zhang,Guoqiang Li +1 more
TL;DR: Healing-on-demand materials exhibit the capability to close cracks and heal the closed/narrowed cracks when needed and to recover functionality using intrinsic or extrinsic resources.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cold, warm, and hot programming of shape memory polymers
Guoqiang Li,Anqi Wang +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new formula is developed for quantifying the strain recovery ratio of cold-programmed SMPs, and stress fixity ratio and stress recovery ratio are also defined based on the understanding of stress locking and recovery mechanisms.
PatentDOI
Multidirectional artificial muscles from nylon
Seyed M. Mirvakili,Ian W. Hunter +1 more
TL;DR: Multidirectional artificial muscles are made from highly oriented nylon filaments that bend when a nylon beam is differentially heated via a Joule heating mechanism or high power laser pulses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature and rate dependent thermomechanical modeling of shape memory polymers with physics based phase evolution law
Qianxi Yang,Guoqiang Li +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a phase evolution law was proposed from the physics perspective for shape memory polymers and the shape memory polymer was then treated as a frozen-phase matrix with active-phase inclusions embedded in it and the Mori-Tanaka approach was used to predict the effective mechanical properties.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement and modeling of McKibben pneumatic artificial muscles
Ching-Ping Chou,Blake Hannaford +1 more
TL;DR: Mechanical testing the modeling results for the McKibben artificial muscle pneumatic actuator, which contains an expanding tube surrounded by braided cords, and a linearized model of these properties for three different models is derived.
Journal ArticleDOI
Artificial Muscles from Fishing Line and Sewing Thread
Carter S. Haines,Márcio D. Lima,Na Li,Geoffrey M. Spinks,Javad Foroughi,John D. W. Madden,Shi Hyeong Kim,Shaoli Fang,Mônica Jung de Andrade,Fatma Göktepe,Özer Göktepe,Seyed M. Mirvakili,Sina Naficy,Xavier Lepró,Jiyoung Oh,Mikhail E. Kozlov,Seon Jeong Kim,Xiuru Xu,Xiuru Xu,Benjamin J. Swedlove,Gordon G. Wallace,Ray H. Baughman +21 more
TL;DR: In this article, high-strength polymer fibers used for fishing line and sewing thread can be easily transformed by twist insertion to provide fast, scalable, nonhysteretic, long-life tensile and torsional muscles.
Haines et al Science 2014 SM - Artificial Muscles from Fishing Line and Sewing Thread
Carter S. Haines,Marcio Dias Lima,Na Li,Geoffrey M. Spinks,Javad Foroughi,John D. W. Madden,Shi Hyeong Kim,Shaoli Fang,Mônica Jung de Andrade,Fatma Göktepe,Özer Göktepe,Seyed M. Mirvakili,Sina Naficy,Xavier Lepró,Jiyoung Oh,Mikhail Kozlov,Seon Jeong Kim,Xiuru Xu,Benjamin J. Swedlove,Gordon G. Wallace,Ray H. Baughman +20 more
TL;DR: It was demonstrated that inexpensive high-strength polymer fibers used for fishing line and sewing thread can be easily transformed by twist insertion to provide fast, scalable, nonhysteretic, long-life tensile and torsional muscles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrically, Chemically, and Photonically Powered Torsional and Tensile Actuation of Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles
Márcio D. Lima,Na Li,Na Li,Mônica Jung de Andrade,Shaoli Fang,Jiyoung Oh,Geoffrey M. Spinks,Mikhail E. Kozlov,Carter S. Haines,Dongseok Suh,Javad Foroughi,Seon Jeong Kim,Yongsheng Chen,Taylor H. Ware,Min Kyoon Shin,Leonardo D. Machado,Alexandre F. Fonseca,John D. W. Madden,Walter Voit,Douglas S. Galvao,Ray H. Baughman +20 more
TL;DR: Guest-filled, twist-spun carbon nanotube yarns are designed as electrolyte-free muscles that provide fast, high-force, large-stroke torsional and tensile actuation and can solve the problems of speed and lifetime.
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