Journal ArticleDOI
A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability.
Charles J. Sniffen,J D O'Connor,P.J. Van Soest,Danny G. Fox,James B. Russell,James B. Russell,James B. Russell +6 more
TLDR
The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System has a submodel that predicts rates of feedstuff degradation in the rumen, the passage of undegraded feed to the lower gut, and the amount of ME and protein that is available to the animal.Abstract:
The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) has a submodel that predicts rates of feedstuff degradation in the rumen, the passage of undegraded feed to the lower gut, and the amount of ME and protein that is available to the animal. In the CNCPS, structural carbohydrate (SC) and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) are estimated from sequential NDF analyses of the feed. Data from the literature are used to predict fractional rates of SC and NSC degradation. Crude protein is partitioned into five fractions. Fraction A is NPN, which is trichloroacetic (TCA) acid-soluble N. Unavailable or protein bound to cell wall (Fraction C) is derived from acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIP), and slowly degraded true protein (Fraction B3) is neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen (NDIP) minus Fraction C. Rapidly degraded true protein (Fraction B1) is TCA-precipitable protein from the buffer-soluble protein minus NPN. True protein with an intermediate degradation rate (Fraction B2) is the remaining N. Protein degradation rates are estimated by an in vitro procedure that uses Streptomyces griseus protease, and a curve-peeling technique is used to identify rates for each fraction. The amount of carbohydrate or N that is digested in the rumen is determined by the relative rates of degradation and passage. Ruminal passage rates are a function of DMI, particle size, bulk density, and the type of feed that is consumed (e.g., forage vs cereal grain).read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of proteins in feeds according to the CNCPS and comparison to in situ parameters.
TL;DR: The results show that much more samples of all feed types should be analyzed to obtain results allowing a more exact prediction of CP degradability and RUP.
Journal ArticleDOI
Balanço de nitrogênio, concentrações de ureia e síntese de proteína microbiana em caprinos alimentados com dietas contendo cana-de-açúcar tratada com óxido de cálcio
Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho,Rasmo Garcia,Aureliano José Vieira Pires,Robério Rodrigues Silva,Mara Lúcia Albuquerque Pereira,Pablo Teixeira Viana,Alana Batista dos Santos,Taiala Cristina de Jesus Pereira +7 more
TL;DR: Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da hidrolise da cana-de-acucar com oxido de calcio sobre o balanco de nitrogenio, as concentracoes de ureia na urina e no plasma e a sintese na proteina microbiana em caprinos.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of different forage: concentrate ratios on intake, digestibility, and milk yield of Saanen goats
Maximiliane Alavarse Zambom,Claudete Regina Alcalde,Karina Toledo da Silva,Francisco de Assis Fonseca de Macedo,Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos,Everton Luiz Borghi,Eder Dias Barbosa +6 more
TL;DR: It can be summarized that the forage:concentrate ratio of 40:60 resulted in better production and apparent nutrient digestibilities in lactating Saanen goats.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fracionamento de carboidratos e proteínas de gramíneas tropicais cortadas em três idades
J. F Sá,Márcio dos Santos Pedreira,Fabiano Ferreira da Silva,Paulo Bonomo,Mauro Pereira de Figueiredo,D. R Menezes,T. B. Almeida +6 more
TL;DR: Avaliou-se o fracionamento dos carboidratos and das proteinas das gramineas tropicais tifton 85 (Cynodon dactylon cv Tiffon 85), braquiaria (Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu) and tanzânia (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv Tanzânia), cortadas aos 28, 35 and 54 dias de idade as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variation in ruminal in situ degradation of crude protein and starch from maize grains compared to in vitro gas production kinetics and physical and chemical characteristics.
TL;DR: In vitro GP measurements and GP rates correlated well with EDCP5 and EDST5 and predicted ED CP5 andEDST5 in combination with the chemical characteristics of the samples and can be used to obtain quick and cost effective information on ruminal degradation of CP and starch from maize grains.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition.
TL;DR: In addition to NDF, new improved methods for total dietary fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides including pectin and beta-glucans now are available and are also of interest in rumen fermentation.
Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, prcedures, and some applications)
H.K. Goering,P.J. Van Soest +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: I. Ruminal fermentation.
TL;DR: The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) has a kinetic submodel that predicts ruminal fermentation and the protein-sparing effect of ionophores is accommodated by decreasing the rate of peptide uptake by 34%.