Journal ArticleDOI
A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability.
Charles J. Sniffen,J D O'Connor,P.J. Van Soest,Danny G. Fox,James B. Russell,James B. Russell,James B. Russell +6 more
TLDR
The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System has a submodel that predicts rates of feedstuff degradation in the rumen, the passage of undegraded feed to the lower gut, and the amount of ME and protein that is available to the animal.Abstract:
The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) has a submodel that predicts rates of feedstuff degradation in the rumen, the passage of undegraded feed to the lower gut, and the amount of ME and protein that is available to the animal. In the CNCPS, structural carbohydrate (SC) and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) are estimated from sequential NDF analyses of the feed. Data from the literature are used to predict fractional rates of SC and NSC degradation. Crude protein is partitioned into five fractions. Fraction A is NPN, which is trichloroacetic (TCA) acid-soluble N. Unavailable or protein bound to cell wall (Fraction C) is derived from acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIP), and slowly degraded true protein (Fraction B3) is neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen (NDIP) minus Fraction C. Rapidly degraded true protein (Fraction B1) is TCA-precipitable protein from the buffer-soluble protein minus NPN. True protein with an intermediate degradation rate (Fraction B2) is the remaining N. Protein degradation rates are estimated by an in vitro procedure that uses Streptomyces griseus protease, and a curve-peeling technique is used to identify rates for each fraction. The amount of carbohydrate or N that is digested in the rumen is determined by the relative rates of degradation and passage. Ruminal passage rates are a function of DMI, particle size, bulk density, and the type of feed that is consumed (e.g., forage vs cereal grain).read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Consumo, digestibilidade aparente, produção e composição do leite em vacas alimentadas com quatro níveis de compostos nitrogenados não-protéicos
Antonia Santos Oliveira,Rilene Ferreira Diniz Valadares,Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho,Paulo Roberto Cecon,Gisele Andrade de Oliveira,Rosângela Maria Nunes da Silva,Marcos Antônio Lana Costa +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of crude protein in the non-protein nitrogen (NPN) based compounds (2,22, 4,18, 5,96 e 8,09%) on the milk composition and production, the intake and apparent digestibilities of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ether extract (EE), total carbohydrates (CHOT) and crude protein (CP) and the intake of total digestible nutrient (NDT).
Journal ArticleDOI
Consumo e digestibilidade dos nutrientes em bovinos alimentados com dietas à base de volumosos tropicais
Luciano da Silva Cabral,Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho,Edenio Detmann,Pedro Malafaia,Joanis Tilemahos Zervoudakis,Alexandre Lima de Souza,Rafael Gonçalves Veloso,Polyana Mary Magalhães Nunes +7 more
TL;DR: It was observed an inverse relationship between apparent total tract DM digestibility and INDF intake and forage INDF content can be used to estimate digestibility of tropical grasses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accuracy and Precision of Computer Models to Predict Passage of Crude Protein and Amino Acids to the Duodenum of Lactating Cows
TL;DR: The models responded to changes in diets by altering the amount of protein from microbes and feed that reached the duodenum, resulting in improved accuracy of predictions of duodenal CP passage compared with simply assuming a constant value for passage of CP to the duODenum.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, performance, and carcass yield of lambs fed licuri cake.
Jonival Barreto Costa,Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira,T.M. Silva,Rebeca Dantas Xavier Ribeiro,Arinalva Maria Silva,André Gustavo Leão,Leilson Rocha Bezerra,Tiago Cunha Rocha +7 more
TL;DR: Although feed efficiency was not affected, the lambs weighed less at slaughter and the licuri cake had a negative impact on carcass yield, so the use of the studied levels of licuri Cake in diets for finishing lambs cannot be recommended.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition.
TL;DR: In addition to NDF, new improved methods for total dietary fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides including pectin and beta-glucans now are available and are also of interest in rumen fermentation.
Forage fiber analyses (apparatus, reagents, prcedures, and some applications)
H.K. Goering,P.J. Van Soest +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: I. Ruminal fermentation.
TL;DR: The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) has a kinetic submodel that predicts ruminal fermentation and the protein-sparing effect of ionophores is accommodated by decreasing the rate of peptide uptake by 34%.