Journal ArticleDOI
A Preliminary Numerical Study of Atmospheric Turbulent Flows in the Idealized Planetary Boundary Layer
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In this paper, a turbulent transport model is developed to study atmospheric turbulence in the planetary boundary layer and a total of nine equations governing the mean motion, mean turbulent stresses, and turbulence length scale are integrated numerically.Abstract:
A turbulent transport model is developed to study atmospheric turbulence in the planetary boundary layer. A total of nine equations governing the mean motion, mean turbulent stresses, and turbulence length scale are integrated numerically. In this preliminary study, only the ideal case of neutral lapse rate, barotropic, statistically stationary, and horizontally homogeneous conditions is treated. The height of the boundary layer is investigated and found to be about 0.5 u*/f, where u* and f are the friction velocity and Coriolis force parameter, respectively. The computed friction coefficient, the crossisobaric angle, the vertical profiles of mean wind, mean turbulent stresses, the turbulent length scale, and eddy coefficients agree well with observations and with Deardorff's results. Various terms in the turbulent stress equations, which are difficult to measure, are discussed. The direction of the stresses seems to align with the direction of the wind shear. The profiles of the turbulent diffus...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Development of a turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems
George L. Mellor,Tetsuji Yamada +1 more
TL;DR: The second-moment turbulent closure hypothesis has been applied to geophysical fluid problems since 1973, when genuine predictive skill in coping with the effects of stratification was demonstrated as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ground effects on pressure fluctuations in the atmospheric boundary layer
M. M. Gibson,Brian Launder +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple way to model the pressure-containing correlations which appear in the transport equations for Reynolds stress and heat flux was proposed, which accounts for gravitational effects and the modification of the fluctuating pressure field by the presence of a wall.
Journal ArticleDOI
Second-moment closure: present… and future?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized the present position of second-moment closure and outlined possible directions for future development, and the desirability of introducing a further second-rank tensor into the closure is considered; the conclusion reached is that, for most applications, the likely benefits would not justify the additional effort.
Second-moment closure: Present ... and future?
TL;DR: A simple form of second-moment treatment that has been widely used for computing industrial flows gives demonstrably superior predictive accuracy that any eddy—viscosity model, and the introduction of a second scale-related equation is arguably a more sensible approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
Examples of calculation methods for flow and mixing in stratified fluids
TL;DR: In this paper, various mathematical models for predicting the flow and mixing processes in stratified fluids are reviewed, with particular focus on stratified lakes and reservoirs, and various types of prediction methods are introduced, from one-dimensional integral methods to direct simulations of the Navier-Stokes equations.
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