Journal ArticleDOI
A Review of the Selective Catalytic Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compounds into Aromatic Amines, Isocyanates, Carbamates, and Ureas Using CO.
Ahmed M. Tafesh,Jens Weiguny +1 more
TLDR
The use of CO as a reductant had been in the past confined to few reactions, but its use in organic synthesis, especially in the reductive carbonylation of nitro aromatics and the oxidative carbonylations of aromatic amines, has increased dramatically as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
Although the use of CO as a reductant had been in the past confined to few reactions, its use in organic synthesis, especially in the reductive carbonylation of nitro aromatics and the oxidative carbonylation of aromatic amines, has increased dramatically. Since the discovery of CO-induced reduction of nitro groups, there has been a wide spread increase of interest in the application and mechanistic understanding of this reaction. In a major review published in 1988 it was noted, that in practice no studies of the mechanism of N-carbonylation of aromatic nitro compounds with alcohols leading to carbamates have been carried out. This review clearly shows a major change since that publication. Indeed, metal-catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitro aromatics using CO as reducing agent has been in the past 10 years the subject of intense investigation both in academia and in the chemical industry. Several articles and reviews have covered the subject up to the late 1980s. The authors will concentrate on more recent literature, but sometimes older data will be used to establish an understanding of these reactions. 127 refs.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Reactions for Organic Synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical and biochemical transformations in ionic liquids
TL;DR: The synthesis of ionic liquids and their applications in various chemical and biochemical transformations, in ecofriendly-milder conditions have been reviewed in this paper, with metal and enzyme catalyzed as well as non-catalyzed reactions in ionic liquid reactions covered with 354 refs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Construction of nitrogen-containing heterocycles by C-H bond functionalization.
Praew Thansandote,Mark Lautens +1 more
TL;DR: An emerging interest among synthetic chemists is to use C-H functionalization to construct the nitrogen-containing core of these heterocycles with respect to the type of C- H bond functionalized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduction of Nitro Compounds Using 3d-Non-Noble Metal Catalysts
TL;DR: This review will comprehensively discuss the use of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts based on non-noble 3d-metals for the reduction of nitro compounds using various reductants.
Journal ArticleDOI
In Situ-Generated Co0-Co3O4/N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Hybrids as Efficient and Chemoselective Catalysts for Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes
Zhongzhe Wei,Jing Wang,Shanjun Mao,Diefeng Su,Haiyan Jin,Yihe Wang,Fan Xu,Haoran Li,Yong Wang +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the earth-abundant nanohybrids Co0/Co3O4@N-doped carbon nanotubes were fabricated via an efficient thermal condensation of d-glucosamine hydrochloride, melamine, and Co(NO3)2·6H2O.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ruthenium carbonyl-catalyzed deoxygenation by carbon monoidde of o-substituted nitrobenzenes. Synthesis of benzimidazoles
TL;DR: Ru 3 (CO) 12 is a very efficient catalyst for the deoxygeiiation of 2-nitro- N -phenylmethylene) benzeneamine derivatives to give the corresponding 2-substituted benzinmidazoles, at 220 °C and 50 bar of carbon monoxide as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regiochemical synthesis of straight chain acids by the palladium (II) catalysed hydrocarboxylation of olefins with oxalic acid
Bassam El Ali,Howard Alper +1 more
TL;DR: Olefins react with carbon monoxide and oxalic acid, catalysed by palladium acetate in the presence of 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, to give linear carboxylic acids regioselectively or regiospecifically as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemoselective reduction of nitro groups in the presence of olefinic, ester, and halogeno functions using a reducing agent of CO and H2O catalyzed by Rh carbonyl clusters
TL;DR: In this paper, a catalyst system of Rh6(CO)16 and N,N, N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TMPDA) or aminated polystyrene achieves highly chemoselective reduction of aromatic nitro groups in the presence of olefinic, ester, and halogeno functions using CO and H2O.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbonylation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene using homogeneous Pd and Rh complex catalysts
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of ligands, metal oxide and chloride promoters on the conversion of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) and selectivity of isocyanates has been investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stereoselective synthesis of diacids by the nickel cyanide and phase-transfer-catalyzed carbonylation of alkynols. Novel dependency of product stereochemistry and optimum stirring speed on the nature of the phase-transfer agent
TL;DR: In this article, the phase-transfer catalysis of kynols with carbon monoxide and catalytic amounts of nickel cyanide was studied and it was shown that the stereoselectivity of the reaction is sensitive to the nature of the quaternary ammonium salt.
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