Adaptation in simple and complex fitness landscapes

TLDR: A review of deterministic mutation-selection models for asexual populations and related topics is given in this paper, with particular emphasis on the error threshold phenomenon and random rugged fitness landscapes.

Abstract: This is an introductory review of deterministic mutation-selection models for asexual populations (i.e., quasispecies theory) and related topics. First, the basic concepts of fitness, mutations, and sequence space are introduced. Different types of mutation-selection dynamics are defined and their relation to problems of statistical physics are outlined. Then the stationary population distribution in simple, single peak fitness landscapes is discussed at length, with particular emphasis on the error threshold phenomenon. Extensions of the theory covering e.g. epistatic interactions, diploid organisms, semiconservative replication and time-dependent fitness peaks are briefly described. A further section is devoted to randomly rugged fitness landscapes, which may display fitness correlations of various degree as well as extended neutral networks. The final two sections address evolutionary dynamics in both rugged and smooth fitness landscapes, and provide a brief overview of pertinent experiments.