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Ambulatory diagnosis and treatment of nonmalignant pain in the united states, 2000-2010

TLDR
Increased opioid prescribing has not been accompanied by similar increases in nonopioid analgesics or the proportion of ambulatory pain patients receiving pharmacologic treatment, suggesting clinical alternatives to prescription opioids may be underutilized as a means of treating ambulatory nonmalignant pain.
Abstract
Background:Escalating rates of prescription opioid use and abuse have occurred in the context of efforts to improve the treatment of nonmalignant pain.Objective:The aim of the study was to characterize the diagnosis and management of nonmalignant pain in ambulatory, office-based settings in the Unit

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Opiate Prescribing Practices in the Postpartum Unit.

TL;DR: Despite a high number of outpatient narcotics prescriptions, approximately 1 in 5 patients initiated an encounter to address pain after vaginal delivery, possibly because multiparous patients have had prior exposure to narcotics use in postpartum care.
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Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain.

TL;DR: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain is a welcome correction of opioid-prescribing practices that stemmed from inadequate evidence and flawed reviews, but the review by Dr Dowell and colleagues also had shortcomings.
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The Pain Crisis: Interventional Radiology's Role in Pain Management.

TL;DR: A wide range of minimally invasive procedures, including vertebral augmentation, sacroplasty, thermal ablation of osseous metastasis, nerve blocks, and gonadal vein embolization, are reviewed, which can potentially prevent escalation to OUD.
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Postoperative Multimodal Pain Management and Opioid Consumption in Arthroscopy Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review

TL;DR: A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating multimodal pain management after shoulder, knee, and hip arthroscopy as mentioned in this paper .

Evaluating state policy interventions for opioid abuse and diversion: the impact on consumers, healthcare providers, and the u.s. market for prescription opioids

TL;DR: The analyses in this project examine the influence of PDMPs on healthcare providers and the market for prescription drugs by comparing trends in opioid utilization in states with varying PDMP features using Medicaid prescription utilization data and commercial insurance claims.
References
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Vital Signs: Overdoses of Prescription Opioid Pain Relievers - United States, 1999-2008

TL;DR: Wide variation among states in the nonmedical use of OPR and overdose rates cannot be explained by underlying demographic differences in state populations but is related to wide variations in OPR prescribing.
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Opioids for chronic noncancer pain: a meta-analysis of effectiveness and side effects

TL;DR: Weak and strong opioids outperformed placebo for pain and function in all types of CNCP and were significantly superior to naproxen and nortriptyline, and only for pain relief.
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Systematic review: opioid treatment for chronic back pain: prevalence, efficacy, and association with addiction.

TL;DR: This systematic review and meta-analysis addresses the following questions: Are opioid medications effective in treating chronic back pain?
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Treatment of chronic non-cancer pain

TL;DR: A general overview of empirical evidence for the most commonly used interventions in the management of chronic non-cancer pain, including pharmacological, interventional, physical, psychological, rehabilitative, and alternative modalities is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI

Therapeutic opioids: a ten-year perspective on the complexities and complications of the escalating use, abuse, and nonmedical use of opioids.

TL;DR: Therapeutic opioid use has increased substantially, specifically of Schedule II drugs, and patients on long-term opioid use have been shown to increase the overall cost of healthcare, disability, rates of surgery, and late opioid use.
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