Journal ArticleDOI
An Analog Integrated-Circuit Vocal Tract
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TLDR
The use of a physiological model of the human vocal tract enables the analog vocal tract chip to synthesize speech signals of interest, using articulatory parameters that are intrinsically compact and linearly interpolatable.Abstract:
We present the first experimental integrated-circuit vocal tract by mapping fluid volume velocity to current, fluid pressure to voltage, and linear and nonlinear mechanical impedances to linear and nonlinear electrical impedances. The 275 muW analog vocal tract chip includes a 16-stage cascade of two-port pi-elements that forms a tunable transmission line, electronically variable impedances, and a current source as the glottal source. A nonlinear resistor models laminar and turbulent flow in the vocal tract. The measured SNR at the output of the analog vocal tract is 64, 66, and 63 dB for the first three formant resonances of a vocal tract with uniform cross-sectional area. The analog vocal tract can be used with auditory processors in a feedback speech locked loop-analogous to a phase locked loop-to implement speech recognition that is potentially robust in noise. Our use of a physiological model of the human vocal tract enables the analog vocal tract chip to synthesize speech signals of interest, using articulatory parameters that are intrinsically compact and linearly interpolatable.read more
Citations
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References
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Fundamentals of speech recognition
TL;DR: This book presents a meta-modelling framework for speech recognition that automates the very labor-intensive and therefore time-heavy and therefore expensive and expensive process of manually modeling speech.
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Operation and modeling of the MOS transistor
TL;DR: In this article, the MOS transistors with ION-IMPLANTED CHANNELS were used for CIRCUIT SIMULATION in a two-and three-tier MOS structure.
A four-parameter model of glottal flow
TL;DR: In this article, a flow model with four independent parameters, referred to as the LF-model, is described, i.e., the frequency, amplitude, and the exponential growth constant of a sinusoid, with a condition of net flow gain within a fundamental perid which is usually s e t o zero.
Book ChapterDOI
Compensatory Articulation During Speech: Evidence from the Analysis and Synthesis of Vocal-Tract Shapes Using an Articulatory Model
TL;DR: Temporal variations observed in the vocal-tract profiles during continuous speech were studied using a factor analysis using data corresponding to 10 French sentences uttered by two speakers to describe the observed profiles as the sum of a small number of linear components.
Journal ArticleDOI
Translinear circuits: a proposed classification
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic translinear principle is derived and several examples of translinear analogue circuits are given, including the translinear? group, which exploits the precise proportionality of transconductance to collector current in bipolar transistors to result in fundamentally exact, temperature-insensitive behaviour.