Journal ArticleDOI
Biofilm formation, bacterial adhesion and host response on polymeric implants--issues and prevention.
D Pavithra,Mukesh Doble +1 more
TLDR
The mechanism of the formation of biofilms is discussed, and the factors that influence the bacterial adhesion and haemocompatibility are listed.Abstract:
Several polymeric materials find application in biomedical implants and devices due to their superior physicochemical properties. The main requirement for these polymers is that they should be biocompatible, which means they prevent bacterial adhesion and are blood compatible. Many parameters contribute to the degree of biocompatibility. This paper discusses the mechanism of the formation of biofilms and lists the factors that influence the bacterial adhesion and haemocompatibility. Polymer surfaces are also modified to enhance adsorption of host cells. The physical, chemical and biological techniques are meant to modify the surface of the biomaterial but at the same time retain the key properties. The various polymer treatment processes have advantages and disadvantages and a few techniques have been proved to be both highly effective at treatment and found suitable for various in vivo environments. The current research focus pertaining to smart materials, biodegradable polymers, combinatorial chemistry, computational modelling and newer analytical techniques to understand polymer-cell interaction holds promise in designing better, cost effective and biocompatible polymers.read more
Citations
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Antifouling coatings: recent developments in the design of surfaces that prevent fouling by proteins, bacteria, and marine organisms.
TL;DR: The major strategies for designing surfaces that prevent fouling due to proteins, bacteria, and marine organisms are reviewed and ongoing research in this area should result in the development of even better antifouling materials in the future.
Journal ArticleDOI
Signals, regulatory networks, and materials that build and break bacterial biofilms
Ece Karatan,Paula I. Watnick +1 more
TL;DR: A portion of this large body of work including the environmental signals and signaling pathways that regulate biofilm formation, the components of the biofilm matrix, and the mechanisms and regulation of biofilm dispersal are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Strategies in the Development of Antimicrobial Coatings: The Example of Increasing Usage of Silver and Silver Nanoparticles
Menno L. W. Knetsch,Leo H. Koole +1 more
TL;DR: The application of silver nanoparticles on the surface of medical devices has been used to prevent bacterial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation and the exact antimicrobial mechanism of silver remains unclear.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of biofilm related infections.
TL;DR: The recent research in discovery of alternative approaches to prevent or treat biofilm formation is discussed and efforts devoted to these technologies could eventually lead to anti-biofilm therapies that are superior to the current antibiotic treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dual-function antibacterial surfaces for biomedical applications.
Qian Yu,Zhaoqiang Wu,Hong Chen +2 more
TL;DR: This review highlights the recent progress made in the development of dual-function antibacterial surfaces for biomedical applications, based on the combination of two strategies into one system, which can kill attached bacteria as well as resisting or releasing bacteria.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biofilms: Survival Mechanisms of Clinically Relevant Microorganisms
TL;DR: It is understood that biofilms are universal, occurring in aquatic and industrial water systems as well as a large number of environments and medical devices relevant for public health, and that treatments may be based on inhibition of genes involved in cell attachment and biofilm formation.
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Biofilms: Survival Mechanisms of Clinically Relevant Microorganisms
Gina Pugliese,Martin S. Favero +1 more
TL;DR: Using tools such as the scanning electron microscope and, more recently, the confocal laser scanning microscope, biofilm researchers now understand that biofilms are not unstructured, homogeneous deposits of cells and accumulated slime, but rather complex communities of surface-associated cells enclosed in a polymer matrix containing open water channels.
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Concise review of mechanisms of bacterial adhesion to biomaterials and of techniques used in estimating bacteria-material interactions.
TL;DR: The theories that are reviewed are the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory, the thermodynamic approach and the extended DLVO theory, which provide the basis for theoretical analysis of the receptor-ligand interactions.
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The relationship between stress shielding and bone resorption around total hip stems and the effects of flexible materials
TL;DR: The methods presented in this paper can be used to establish optimal stem-design characteristics or check the adequacy of designs in preclinical testing procedures.
Journal ArticleDOI
What drives bacteria to produce a biofilm
TL;DR: The currently available wealth of data pertaining to the molecular genetics of biofilm formation in commonly studied, clinically relevant, single-species biofilms will be discussed in an effort to decipher the motivation behind the transition from planktonic to sessile growth in the human body.