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Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity as an index of central arterial stiffness.

TLDR
In this paper, an automated device for brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is used, although information is limited whether it reflects the stiffness of central or peripheral arteries.
Abstract
Aim: Stiffness of the central arteries plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) of the aorta has been used as the standard measure of central arterial stiffness. An automated device for brachial-ankle (ba) PWV is available, although information is limited whether baPWV reflects the stiffness of central or peripheral arteries. We therefore addressed this question in the present study.Methods: The subjects were 2,806 consecutive participants in our non-invasive vascular laboratory, excluding those with an ankle-brachial index (ABI) lower than 0.95. PWV measurements were simultaneously performed using an automated device for the ba, heart-femoral (hf, aorta), heart-carotid (hc), heart-brachial (hb), and femoral-ankle (fa) segments. Correlational analyses were performed (1) among these PWV values, (2) between PWV and individual risk factors, and (3) between PWV and the Framingham risk score (FRS), a surrogate index for integrated cardiovascular risk.Results: The correlation of baPWV was the highest with hfPWV (r=0.796) and the lowest with hcPWV (r=0.541). Among the known factors preferentially affecting central arterial stiffness, higher age, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were also closely associated with increased baPWV. Finally, FRS was more closely correlated with hfPWV (r=0.613) and baPWV (r=0.609) than with hbPWV (r=0.523), hcPWV (r=0.509), and faPWV (r=0.393).Conclusion: These results indicate that baPWV is an index of arterial stiffness showing similar characteristics to those of aortic PWV.

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The fruit of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms improves arterial stiffness and blood pressure: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

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TL;DR: Asian patients with advanced prostate cancer have increased cardiovascular and metabolic risks after being treated with ADT for two years, and Appropriate counselling and monitoring of associated complications withADT are essential.
References
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Journal Article

K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: Evaluation, classification, and stratification

TL;DR: In the early 1990s, the National Kidney Foundation (K/DOQI) developed a set of clinical practice guidelines to define chronic kidney disease and to classify stages in the progression of kidney disease.
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Revised equations for estimated GFR from serum creatinine in Japan.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the modified isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS)-traceable 4-variable modified modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for Japanese patients.
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Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients.

TL;DR: This study provides the first direct evidence that aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with essential hypertension.
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Impact of Aortic Stiffness on Survival in End-Stage Renal Disease

TL;DR: These results provide the first direct evidence that in patients with ESRD, increased aortic stiffness determined by measurement of aorta pulse-wave velocity is a strong independent predictor of all-cause and mainly cardiovascular mortality.
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Aortic pulse-wave velocity and its relationship to mortality in diabetes and glucose intolerance: an integrated index of vascular function?

TL;DR: Aortic PWV is a powerful independent predictor of mortality in both type 2 diabetes and glucose-tolerance–tested population samples and may represent a useful integrated index of vascular status and hence cardiovascular risk.
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