Brain Aging in Midlife: The Beaver Dam Offspring Study.
Carla R. Schubert,Mary E. Fischer,Alex Pinto,Yanjun Chen,Barbara E.K. Klein,Ronald Klein,Michael Y. Tsai,Ted S. Tweed,Karen J. Cruickshanks +8 more
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TLDR
Factors associated with a novel measure of brain aging in middle‐aged and older adults are evaluated to help identify ways to preserve brain function with aging.Abstract:
Objectives Middle age has been identified as a critical time period for health later in life. Identifying factors associated with worse brain function in middle-aged adults may help identify ways to preserve brain function with aging. Our objective was to evaluate factors associated with a novel measure of brain aging in middle-aged and older adults. Design Longitudinal cohort study. Setting Beaver Dam Offspring Study (BOSS) baseline (2005-2008), 5-year (2010-2013), and 10-year examinations (2015-2017). Participants A total of 2285 adults, 22 to 84 years of age, with complete sensorineural and neurocognitive data at the 5-year examination. Measurements Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed combining 5-year sensorineural (hearing, vision, olfaction) and cognitive (Trail Making Test A and B, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Auditory Verbal Learning Test) test data. Participants with a standardized PCA score less than -1 were classified as having brain aging. Incident brain aging was defined as a PCA score less than -1 at 10 years among participants who had a PCA score of -1 or higher at 5 years. Logistic regression and Poisson models were used to estimate associations between baseline factors and prevalent or incident brain aging, respectively. Results Older age, being male, current smoking, larger waist circumference, not consuming alcohol, cardiovascular disease, and interleukin-6 were associated with greater odds of prevalent brain aging, whereas more education and exercise were associated with decreased odds. In addition to age and sex, less than a college education, higher levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, diabetes, depressive symptoms, and history of head injury were associated with an increased 5-year risk of incident brain aging. Conclusion In the current study, vascular and inflammatory factors were associated with a new brain aging marker in middle-aged and older adults. Many of these factors are modifiable, highlighting the importance of addressing health and lifestyle factors in midlife to potentially preserve function for better brain health later in life. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1610-1616, 2019.read more
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Electroencephalogram Burst-suppression during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Elderly Patients Mediates Postoperative Delirium
Juan C Pedemonte,George S. Plummer,Shubham Chamadia,Joseph J. Locascio,Eunice Hahm,Breanna R Ethridge,Jacob Gitlin,Reine Ibala,Jennifer Mekonnen,Katia M Colon,M. Brandon Westover,David A. D'Alessandro,George Tolis,Timothy T. Houle,Kenneth Shelton,Jason Z. Qu,Oluwaseun Akeju +16 more
TL;DR: In a retrospective observational substudy of 159 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, there is evidence that burst suppression during cardiopulmonary bypass mediates the effect of physical function, temperature, and intraoperative electroencephalographic alpha power on postoperative delirium.
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Sex differences in exercise efficacy: Is midlife a critical window for promoting healthy cognitive aging?
TL;DR: The hypothesis that midlife in females is a critical window for the implementation of exercise as an early intervention to promote brain health and prevent dementia is presented, and it is speculated that exercise interventions targeting midlife will be of critical importance for the female brain.
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Long-term high-fat diet consumption by mice throughout adulthood induces neurobehavioral alterations and hippocampal neuronal remodeling accompanied by augmented microglial lipid accumulation.
Hong Zhuang,Xiuting Yao,Hong Li,Qian Li,Chenxi Yang,Conghui Wang,Dan Xu,Yu Xiao,Yuan Gao,Jiayi Gao,Mingze Bi,Rui Liu,Gaojun Teng,Lijie Liu +13 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of long-term high-fat diet consumption on brain function were investigated in C57BL/6J mice, and the negative influence of chronic HFD consumption on behavioral and hippocampal neuroplasticity was linked to a change in microglial phenotype that is accompanied by a remarkable increase in cellular lipid accumulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-term high-fat diet consumption by mice throughout adulthood induces neurobehavioral alterations and hippocampal neuronal remodeling accompanied by augmented microglial lipid accumulation
TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of long-term high-fat diet consumption on brain function were investigated in C57BL/6J mice, and the negative influence of chronic HFD consumption on behavioral and hippocampal neuroplasticity was linked to a change in microglial phenotype that is accompanied by a remarkable increase in cellular lipid accumulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Novel Method for Classifying Hearing Impairment in Epidemiological Studies of Aging: The Wisconsin Age-Related Hearing Impairment Classification Scale.
TL;DR: This is the first scale developed from population-based longitudinal cohort data to capture audiogram shape and severity of hearing impairment across time and may be a useful method for identifying risk factors for early, preclinical, age-related changes in hearing.
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The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
TL;DR: The CES-D scale as discussed by the authors is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, which has been used in household interview surveys and in psychiatric settings.
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Inflammation and Atherosclerosis
TL;DR: New insights into inflammation in atherosclerosis not only increase the understanding of this disease, but also have practical clinical applications in risk stratification and targeting of therapy for this scourge of growing worldwide importance.
Book
A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary
Otfried Spreen,Esther Strauss +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a comprehensive assessment of mood, personality and adaptive functions of individuals in terms of test scores and scores of motor function, executive function, and attention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease
Reisa A. Sperling,Paul S. Aisen,Laurel A. Beckett,David A. Bennett,Suzanne Craft,Anne M. Fagan,Takeshi Iwatsubo,Clifford R. Jack,Jeffrey Kaye,Thomas J. Montine,Denise C. Park,Eric M. Reiman,Christopher C. Rowe,Eric Siemers,Yaakov Stern,Kristine Yaffe,Maria C. Carrillo,Bill Thies,Marcelle Morrison-Bogorad,Molly V. Wagster,Creighton H. Phelps +20 more
TL;DR: A conceptual framework and operational research criteria are proposed, based on the prevailing scientific evidence to date, to test and refine these models with longitudinal clinical research studies and it is hoped that these recommendations will provide a common rubric to advance the study of preclinical AD.
Trail Making Test: Manual for Administration and Scoring
R.M. Reitan,R. Reitan +1 more
TL;DR: A magnetic head drum includes an upper section that carries a set of magnetic heads and rotates at a preselected head speed, and a stationary lower section that is characterized by a reduced diameter step formed along the tape wrap path thereover.