Brown adipose tissue regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity
Kristin I. Stanford,Roeland J.W. Middelbeek,Kristy L. Townsend,Ding An,Eva B. Nygaard,Kristen M. Hitchcox,Kathleen R. Markan,Kazuhiro Nakano,Michael F. Hirshman,Yu-Hua Tseng,Laurie J. Goodyear +10 more
TLDR
A previously under-appreciated role for BAT in glucose metabolism is revealed, demonstrating that BAT-derived IL-6 is required for the profound effects of BAT transplantation on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.Abstract:
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is known to function in the dissipation of chemical energy in response to cold or excess feeding, and also has the capacity to modulate energy balance. To test the hypothesis that BAT is fundamental to the regulation of glucose homeostasis, we transplanted BAT from male donor mice into the visceral cavity of age- and sex-matched recipient mice. By 8–12 weeks following transplantation, recipient mice had improved glucose tolerance, increased insulin sensitivity, lower body weight, decreased fat mass, and a complete reversal of high-fat diet–induced insulin resistance. Increasing the quantity of BAT transplanted into recipient mice further improved the metabolic effects of transplantation. BAT transplantation increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in vivo into endogenous BAT, white adipose tissue (WAT), and heart muscle but, surprisingly, not skeletal muscle. The improved metabolic profile was lost when the BAT used for transplantation was obtained from Il6–knockout mice, demonstrating that BAT-derived IL-6 is required for the profound effects of BAT transplantation on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. These findings reveal a previously under-appreciated role for BAT in glucose metabolism.read more
Citations
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Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential
Matthew J. Harms,Patrick Seale +1 more
TL;DR: Many genes and pathways that regulate brown and beige adipocyte biology have now been identified, providing a variety of promising therapeutic targets for metabolic disease.
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What We Talk About When We Talk About Fat
TL;DR: New perspective is gained on the roles played by adipocyte in a variety of homeostatic processes and on the mechanisms used by adipocytes to communicate with other tissues and how these relationships are altered during metabolic disease and how they might be manipulated to restore metabolic health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adipose tissue browning and metabolic health
Alexander Bartelt,Joerg Heeren +1 more
TL;DR: Stimulating the development of beige adipocytes in WAT (so called 'browning') might reduce adverse effects of WAT and could help to improve metabolic health, as well as inspire new avenues to increase the capacity for adaptive thermogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Activation of Human Brown Adipose Tissue by a β3-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist
Aaron M. Cypess,Lauren S Weiner,Carla Roberts-Toler,Elisa F. Elia,Skyler H. Kessler,Peter A. Kahn,Jeffrey English,Kelly Chatman,Sunia A. Trauger,Alessandro Doria,Gerald M. Kolodny +10 more
TL;DR: A β3-AR agonist can stimulate human BAT thermogenesis and may be a promising treatment for metabolic disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brown Adipose Tissue Improves Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Sensitivity in Humans
Maria Chondronikola,Elena Volpi,Elisabet Børsheim,Craig Porter,Craig Porter,Palam Annamalai,Sven Enerbäck,Martin E. Lidell,Manish Kumar Saraf,Manish Kumar Saraf,Sébastien M. Labbé,Nicholas M. Hurren,Nicholas M. Hurren,Christina Yfanti,Tony Chao,Clark R. Andersen,Clark R. Andersen,Fernando Cesani,Hal K. Hawkins,Labros S. Sidossis +19 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate a physiologically significant role of BAT in whole-body energy expenditure, glucose homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity in humans, and support the notion that BAT may function as an antidiabetic tissue in humans.
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