Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus
Terrence M. Tumpey,Christopher F. Basler,Patricia V. Aguilar,Hui Zeng,Alicia Solórzano,David E. Swayne,Nancy J. Cox,Jacqueline M. Katz,Jeffery K. Taubenberger,Peter Palese,Adolfo García-Sastre +10 more
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TLDR
Reverse genetics was used to generate an influenza virus bearing all eight gene segments of the pandemic virus to study the properties associated with its extraordinary virulence, and confirmed that the coordinated expression of the 1918 virus genes most certainly confers the unique high-virulence phenotype observed with this pandemicirus.Abstract:
The pandemic influenza virus of 1918-1919 killed an estimated 20 to 50 million people worldwide. With the recent availability of the complete 1918 influenza virus coding sequence, we used reverse genetics to generate an influenza virus bearing all eight gene segments of the pandemic virus to study the properties associated with its extraordinary virulence. In stark contrast to contemporary human influenza H1N1 viruses, the 1918 pandemic virus had the ability to replicate in the absence of trypsin, caused death in mice and embryonated chicken eggs, and displayed a high-growth phenotype in human bronchial epithelial cells. Moreover, the coordinated expression of the 1918 virus genes most certainly confers the unique high-virulence phenotype observed with this pandemic virus.read more
Citations
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus.
TL;DR: Efforts to control these outbreaks and real-time monitoring of the evolution of this virus should provide invaluable information to direct infectious disease control programmes and to improve understanding of the factors that determine viral pathogenicity and/or transmissibility.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predominant Role of Bacterial Pneumonia as a Cause of Death in Pandemic Influenza: Implications for Pandemic Influenza Preparedness
TL;DR: If severe pandemic influenza is largely a problem of viral-bacterial copathogenesis, pandemic planning needs to go beyond addressing the viral cause alone (e.g., influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Foundations for engineering biology
TL;DR: Vibrant, open research communities and strategic leadership are necessary to ensure that the development and application of biological technologies remains overwhelmingly constructive.
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Synthetic biology: applications come of age.
TL;DR: The de novo engineering of genetic circuits, biological modules and synthetic pathways is beginning to address these crucial problems and is being used in related practical applications.
References
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Updating the Accounts: Global Mortality of the 1918-1920 "Spanish" Influenza Pandemic
Niall Johnson,Juergen Mueller +1 more
TL;DR: The estimated global mortality of the pandemic was of the order of 50 million, and it must be acknowledged that even this vast figure may be substantially lower than the real toll, perhaps as much as 100 percent understated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Basis for High Virulence of Hong Kong H5N1 Influenza A Viruses
TL;DR: Using reverse genetics, it is shown that a mutation at position 627 in the PB2 protein influenced the outcome of infection in mice, and high cleavability of the hemagglutinin glycoprotein was an essential requirement for lethal infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the 1918 influenza virus polymerase genes
Jeffery K. Taubenberger,Ann H. Reid,Ann H. Reid,Raina M. Lourens,Raina M. Lourens,Ruixue Wang,Guozhong Jin,Thomas G. Fanning +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the complete genome of the 1918 influenza virus and propose that the 1918 virus was not a reassortant virus (like those of the 1957 and 1968 pandemics), but more likely an entirely avian-like virus that adapted to humans.
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