Characterizing the seismogenic zone of a major plate boundary subduction thrust: Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand
Laura M. Wallace,Martin Reyners,Ursula Cochran,Stephen Bannister,Philip M. Barnes,Kelvin Berryman,Gaye Downes,Donna Eberhart-Phillips,Ake Fagereng,Susan Ellis,Andrew Nicol,Robert McCaffrey,Robert McCaffrey,R. John Beavan,Stuart Henrys,Rupert Sutherland,D. Barker,Nicola Litchfield,John Townend,Russell Robinson,Rebecca E. Bell,Kate Wilson,William Power +22 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, the authors review existing geophysical and geological data in order to characterize the seismogenic zone of the Hikurangi subduction interface, and find that a large area of the interface is interseismically coupled, along which stress could be released in great earthquakes.Abstract:
The Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand, has not experienced any significant (>Mw 7.2) subduction interface earthquakes since historical records began ∼170 years ago. Geological data in parts of the North Island provide evidence for possible prehistoric great subduction earthquakes. Determining the seismogenic potential of the subduction interface, and possible resulting tsunami, is critical for estimating seismic hazard in the North Island of New Zealand. Despite the lack of confirmed historical interface events, recent geodetic and seismological results reveal that a large area of the interface is interseismically coupled, along which stress could be released in great earthquakes. We review existing geophysical and geological data in order to characterize the seismogenic zone of the Hikurangi subduction interface. Deep interseismic coupling of the southern portion of the Hikurangi interface is well defined by interpretation of GPS velocities, the locations of slow slip events, and the hypocenters of moderate to large historical earthquakes. Interseismic coupling is shallower on the northern and central portion of the Hikurangi subduction thrust. The spatial extent of the likely seismogenic zone at the Hikurangi margin cannot be easily explained by one or two simple parameters. Instead, a complex interplay between upper and lower plate structure, subducting sediment, thermal effects, regional tectonic stress regime, and fluid pressures probably controls the extent of the subduction thrust's seismogenic zone.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
National Seismic Hazard Model for New Zealand: 2010 Update
Mark Stirling,Graeme McVerry,Matt Gerstenberger,Nicola Litchfield,Russ Van Dissen,Kelvin Berryman,Philip M. Barnes,Laura M. Wallace,Pilar Villamor,Robert Langridge,Geoffroy Lamarche,Scott D. Nodder,Martin Reyners,Brendon Bradley,David A. Rhoades,Warwick D. Smith,Andrew Nicol,Jarg R. Pettinga,Kate Clark,Katrina Jacobs +19 more
TL;DR: A team of earthquake geologists, seismologists, and engineering seis-mologists has collectively produced an update of the national probabilistic seismic hazard (PSH) model for New Zealand (National Seismic Hazard Model, or NSHM).
Journal ArticleDOI
Diverse slow slip behavior at the Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand
Laura M. Wallace,John Beavan +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis and interpretation of the GPS data reveal a marked diversity in characteristics of slow slip events (SSEs) in the North Island, with durations varying from 6 days to 1.5 years, equivalent moment release between Mw 6.3 and 7.2, and recurrence intervals of repeating SSEs on the order of 2 years to more than 5 years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mélange rheology and seismic style
Ake Fagereng,Richard H. Sibson +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the proportion of competent and incompetent material is a significant factor affecting seismic style within subduction channel shear zones, and along comparable mixed-lithology fault zones, with shear surfaces localized along lithological contacts or within competent domains.
Journal ArticleDOI
From Geodetic Imaging of Seismic and Aseismic Fault Slip to Dynamic Modeling of the Seismic Cycle
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed kinematic models of the spatiotemporal evolution of slip over the seismic cycle and to determine the budget of seismic and aseismic slip.
References
More filters
Book
The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting
TL;DR: The connection between faults and the seismicity generated is governed by the rate and state dependent friction laws -producing distinctive seismic styles of faulting and a gamut of earthquake phenomena including aftershocks, afterslip, earthquake triggering, and slow slip events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanics of fold-and-thrust belts and accretionary wedges
TL;DR: In this article, a simple analytical theory that predicts the critical tapers of subaerial and submarine Coulomb wedges is developed and tested quantitatively in three ways: First, laboratory model experiments with dry sand match the theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Earthquakes and friction laws
TL;DR: The traditional view of tectonics is that the lithosphere comprises a strong brittle layer overlying a weak ductile layer, which gives rise to two forms of deformation: brittle fracture, accompanied by earth-quakes, in the upper layer, and aseismic ductile flow in the layer beneath as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonvolcanic deep tremor associated with subduction in southwest Japan.
TL;DR: Deep long-period tremors were recognized and located in a nonvolcanic region in southwest Japan, indicating that the tremors may have been caused by fluid generated by dehydration processes from the slab.
Journal ArticleDOI
Back-arc opening and the mode of subduction
Seiya Uyeda,Hiroo Kanamori +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the difference in the stress state in the back-arc area between the two types of trench-arc systems: compression in the Chilean type and tension in the Marianas type.
Related Papers (5)
Diverse slow slip behavior at the Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand
Laura M. Wallace,John Beavan +1 more