Colloquium : Herbertsmithite and the search for the quantum spin liquid
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TLDR
In this paper, the authors review the recent developments in the theoretical study of the spin $1/2$ Heisenberg model on a kagome lattice and discuss potential future directions, both experimental and theoretical, as well as the challenge of doping these materials.Abstract:
Quantum spin liquids form a novel class of matter where, despite the existence of strong exchange interactions, spins do not order down to the lowest measured temperature. Typically, these occur in lattices that act to frustrate the appearance of magnetism. In two dimensions, the classic example is the kagome lattice composed of corner sharing triangles. There are a variety of minerals whose transition metal ions form such a lattice. Hence, a number of them have been studied and were then subsequently synthesized in order to obtain more pristine samples. Of particular note was the report in 2005 by Dan Nocera's group of the synthesis of herbertsmithite, composed of a lattice of copper ions sitting on a kagome lattice, which indeed does not order down to the lowest measured temperature despite the existence of a large exchange interaction of 17 meV. Over the past decade, this material has been extensively studied, yielding a number of intriguing surprises that have in turn motivated a resurgence of interest in the theoretical study of the spin $1/2$ Heisenberg model on a kagome lattice. This Colloquium reviews these developments and then discusses potential future directions, both experimental and theoretical, as well as the challenge of doping these materials with the hope that this could lead to the discovery of novel topological and superconducting phases.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Models and materials for generalized Kitaev magnetism.
Stephen M. Winter,Alexander A. Tsirlin,Maria Daghofer,Jeroen van den Brink,Yogesh Singh,Philipp Gegenwart,Roser Valentí +6 more
TL;DR: The mechanism proposed by Jackeli and Khaliullin to identify Kitaev materials based on spin-orbital dependent bond interactions is analyzed and a comprehensive overview of its implications in real materials is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum spin liquids.
TL;DR: An overview of an exotic type of liquid Materials with interacting quantum spins that nevertheless do not order magnetically down to the lowest temperatures are candidates for a materials class called quantum spin liquids (QSLs), characterized by long-range quantum entanglement and are tricky to study theoretically.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum Spin Liquids
TL;DR: In the past few years, increasing evidence has accumulated for a number of materials suggesting that they have characteristics strongly reminiscent of those expected for a quantum spin liquid as mentioned in this paper, although there is not yet entirely convincing experimental evidence that any particular material has a spin liquid ground state.
Journal ArticleDOI
Probing α − RuCl 3 Beyond Magnetic Order: Effects of Temperature and Magnetic Field
TL;DR: A very rich evolution of the spin dynamics as the applied field suppresses the zigzag order and stabilizes a quantum paramagnetic state that is adiabatically connected to the fully polarized state at high fields is found.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gapped Spin-1/2 Spinon Excitations in a New Kagome Quantum Spin Liquid Compound Cu3Zn(OH)6FBr
Zili Feng,Zheng Li,Xin Meng,Wei Yi,Yuan Wei,Jun Zhang,Yan-Cheng Wang,Wei Jiang,Zheng Liu,Shiyan Li,Feng Liu,Jianlin Luo,Shiliang Li,Guo-Qing Zheng,Zi Yang Meng,Jia-Wei Mei,Jia-Wei Mei,Jia-Wei Mei,Youguo Shi +18 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a new kagome quantum spin liquid candidate Cu3Zn(OH)6FBr was reported, which does not experience any phase transition down to 50 mK, more than three orders lower than the antiferromagnetic Curie-Weiss temperature.
References
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Lucile Savary,Leon Balents +1 more
TL;DR: A review of quantum spin liquids can be found in this paper, where the authors discuss the nature of such phases and their properties based on paradigmatic models and general arguments, and introduce theoretical technology such as gauge theory and partons that are conveniently used in the study of spin liquids.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the physics of spin liquid states is presented, including spin-singlet states, which may be viewed as an extension of Fermi liquid states to Mott insulators, and they are usually classified in the category of SU(2), U(1), or Z2.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the basic concepts in frustrated magnetism are discussed, including thermal and Quantum Fluctuations in Frustrated Magnets and Quantum Spin Liquids, as well as various effects in frustrated magnets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Correlated impurities and intrinsic spin-liquid physics in the kagome material herbertsmithite
Tianheng Han,Tianheng Han,M. R. Norman,Jiajia Wen,Jiajia Wen,Jose A. Rodriguez-Rivera,Jose A. Rodriguez-Rivera,Joel S. Helton,Joel S. Helton,Collin Broholm,Collin Broholm,Young S. Lee,Young S. Lee +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, low energy inelastic neutron scattering on single crystals of the kagome spin-liquid compound (herbertsmithite) reveals antiferromagnetic correlations between impurity spins for energy transfers.
Book ChapterDOI
Two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present theoretical advances in the field of quantum magnetism in two-dimensional systems, and quantum spin liquids in particular, and present a chapter in the second edition of the book "Frustrated spin systems".