Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative fit indexes in structural models
TLDR
A new coefficient is proposed to summarize the relative reduction in the noncentrality parameters of two nested models and two estimators of the coefficient yield new normed (CFI) and nonnormed (FI) fit indexes.Abstract:
Normed and nonnormed fit indexes are frequently used as adjuncts to chi-square statistics for evaluating the fit of a structural model A drawback of existing indexes is that they estimate no known population parameters A new coefficient is proposed to summarize the relative reduction in the noncentrality parameters of two nested models Two estimators of the coefficient yield new normed (CFI) and nonnormed (FI) fit indexes CFI avoids the underestimation of fit often noted in small samples for Bentler and Bonett's (1980) normed fit index (NFI) FI is a linear function of Bentler and Bonett's non-normed fit index (NNFI) that avoids the extreme underestimation and overestimation often found in NNFI Asymptotically, CFI, FI, NFI, and a new index developed by Bollen are equivalent measures of comparative fit, whereas NNFI measures relative fit by comparing noncentrality per degree of freedom All of the indexes are generalized to permit use of Wald and Lagrange multiplier statistics An example illustrates the behavior of these indexes under conditions of correct specification and misspecification The new fit indexes perform very well at all sample sizesread more
Citations
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Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis : Conventional criteria versus new alternatives
Li-tze Hu,Peter M. Bentler +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the adequacy of the conventional cutoff criteria and several new alternatives for various fit indexes used to evaluate model fit in practice were examined, and the results suggest that, for the ML method, a cutoff value close to.95 for TLI, BL89, CFI, RNI, and G...
Journal ArticleDOI
The Commitment-Trust Theory of Relationship Marketing
Robert Morgan,Shelby D. Hunt +1 more
TL;DR: Relationship marketing, established, developing, and maintaining successful relational exchanges, constitutes a major shift in marketing theory and practice as mentioned in this paper, after conceptualizing relationship relationships as a set of relationships.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the change in the goodness-of-fit index (GFI) when cross-group constraints are imposed on a measurement model and found that the change was independent of both model complexity and sample size.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fit indices in covariance structure modeling : Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification
Li-tze Hu,Peter M. Bentler +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the sensitivity of maximum likelihood (ML), generalized least squares (GLS), and asymptotic distribution-free (ADF)-based fit indices to model misspecification, under conditions that varied sample size and distribution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural Equation Modelling: Guidelines for Determining Model Fit
TL;DR: In this article, a selection of fit indices that are widely regarded as the most informative indices available to researchers is presented, along with guidelines on their use and strategies for their use.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the multivariate asymptotic distribution of sequential Chi-square statistics.
TL;DR: In this paper, the multivariate asymptotic distribution of sequential Chi-square test statistics is investigated, and it is shown that the statistics of Chi-squaredifference tests have an asymptic intercorrelation which may be expressed in closed form and which is, in many cases, quite high.
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Some contributions to efficient statistics in structural models: Specification and estimation of moment structures.
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that higher order product moments yield important structural information when the distribution of variables is arbitrary, and some asymptotically distribution-free efficient estimators for such arbitrary structural models are developed.
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Sample size and bentler and Bonett's nonnormed fit index
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the non-normed fit index is inversely related to sample size, and a simple alternative fit measure was proposed that removes this dependency.
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Assessment of Fit in Overidentified Models with Latent Variables
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the logic of the fit problem, review the analytical intentions of six measures, with emphasis on their dependence on sample size, and compare the operational behavior of these measures in three-model situations: in a confirmatory factor model based on small N, and in two covariance structure models, one based on a slightly larger N and the other based on large N.
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Choice of structural model via parsimony: a rationale based on precision
P. M. Bentler,A. Mooijaart +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that, in large samples, the more parsimonious of two competing nested models yields an estimator of the common parameters that has smaller sampling variance.