Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of muscle cross-sectional area and strength between untrained women and men
TLDR
Results would indicate that, although the difference between sexes in muscle CSA is smaller in the thigh than in the upper arm, differences in the ability to develop dynamic strength proportional to the CSA appeared mainly in the knee flexors and extensors compared to the upper muscles.Abstract:
The cross-sectional areas (CSA) of fat, muscle and bone tissues of the limb as well as maximal voluntary isokinetic strength were measured in untrained men (n = 27) and women (n = 26) aged 18-25 years. Anatomical CSA of the three tissues were determined by ultrasound on the upper arm and thigh. The isokinetic strength of the elbow and knee extensor and flexor muscles were measured by an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex II) at 1.05 rad.s-1. The women had significantly (P 0.05) and the elbow flexors of the women (r = 0.388, P > 0.05). No significant difference between sexes was observed when strength was expressed per unit of muscle CSA (F.CSA-1) for the elbow flexors and extensors. However, the men showed significantly higher F.CSA-1 than the women for the knee flexors and extensors (P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)read more
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A mechanism for increased contractile strength of human pennate muscle in response to strength training: changes in muscle architecture.
Per Aagaard,Jesper L. Andersen,Poul Dyhre-Poulsen,Anne-Mette Leffers,Aase Wagner,S. Peter Magnusson,J Halkjaer-Kristensen,Erik B. Simonsen +7 more
TL;DR: The present data suggest that the morphology, architecture and contractile capacity of human pennate muscle are interrelated, in vivo, and this interaction seems to include the specific adaptation responses evoked by intensive resistance training.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gender differences in the viscoelastic properties of tendon structures
TL;DR: There are gender differences in the viscoelastic properties of tendon structures and that these might in part account for previously observed performance differences between the genders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging: Understanding the Technology and Its Applications
Jackie L. Whittaker,Deydre S. Teyhen,Deydre S. Teyhen,Deydre S. Teyhen,James M. Elliott,James M. Elliott,James M. Elliott,Katy Cook,Helene M. Langevin,Haldis Haug Dahl,Maria Stokes +10 more
TL;DR: The concept of rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) is introduced, a definition of the scope of this emerging tool in regard to the physical therapy profession is described, and how this relates to the larger field of medical ultrasound imaging is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gender differences in muscular protection of the knee in torsion in size-matched athletes.
TL;DR: The collegiate female athletes involved in high-risk sports exhibited less muscular protection of the knee ligaments during external loading of the knees than did size and sport-matched male athletes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abdominal muscle size and symmetry in normal subjects
TL;DR: These findings provide robust reference data for the abdominal muscles in normal males and females in order to enable comparison with clinical groups to assess abnormalities and establish sensitivity for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Extent of motor unit activation during effort
A. Y. Belanger,Alan J. McComas +1 more
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Contractile changes in opposing muscles of the human ankle joint with aging.
TL;DR: Comparisons of muscle compound action potentials, twitch torques, and muscle cross-sectional areas suggested that a decrease in excitable muscle mass was entirely responsible for the lower strength of the elderly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calculation of muscle strength per unit cross-sectional area of human muscle by means of ultrasonic measurement.
Michio Ikai,Tetsuo Fukunaga +1 more
TL;DR: The ultrasonic method used in this work was possibly admitted as the best way to calculate the cross-sectional area of the muscle.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of learning and coordination in strength training.
O. M. Rutherford,D. A. Jones +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that a large part of the improvement in the ability to lift weights was due to an increased ability to coordinate other muscle groups involved in the movement such as those used to stabilise the body.