Journal ArticleDOI
Determining the optical properties of turbid media by using the adding–doubling method
TLDR
A method is described for finding the optical properties of a slab of turbid material by using total reflection, unscattered transmission, and total transmission measurements and the intrinsic error in the method is < 3% when four quadrature points are used.Abstract:
A method is described for finding the optical properties (scattering, absorption, and scattering anisotropy) of a slab of turbid material by using total reflection, unscattered transmission, and total transmission measurements. This method is applicable to homogeneous turbid slabs with any optical thickness, albedo, or phase function. The slab may have a different index of refraction from its surroundings and may or may not be bounded by glass. The optical properties are obtained by iterating an adding–doubling solution of the radiative transport equation until the calculated values of the reflection and transmission match the measured ones. Exhaustive numerical tests show that the intrinsic error in the method is <3% when four quadrature points are used.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
The Adding-Doubling Method
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the adding-doubling method for solving the radiative transport equation and present the advantages and disadvantages of the method, followed by sections describing its theory and computer implementation.
Journal ArticleDOI
A primary method for determination of optical parameters of turbid samples and application to intralipid between 550 and 1630nm
TL;DR: A complete system of experimental setups and Monte Carlo modeling tools are presented for fast and accurate solution of the inverse problem from the measured signals of homogeneous turbid samples to determine the optical parameters of turbid media.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical Properties of Whole Blood
Dhiraj K. Sardar,L.B. Levy +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the optical properties of whole blood are presented for the argon ion laser (488) and He-Ne laser (633 nm) wavelengths, and the absorption and scattering coefficients and scattering anisotropy coefficient of blood have been determined from the measurements of total diffusive reflectance and transmittance obtained by an integrating sphere at 488
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Cooperative phenomena in two-pulse two-color laser photocoagulation of cutaneous blood vessels
TL;DR: A new chemical species, met-hemoglobin, not normally present in healthy human blood but formed during laser photocoagulation which is implicated in the enhanced IR absorption is identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inverse hybrid technique for determining the optical properties of turbid media from integrating-sphere measurements
TL;DR: Numerical tests and experimental results from a phantom material as well as samples of biological tissue confirmed the feasibility of applying the Monte Carlo method with the small-angle approximation of the radiative transfer theory to the determination of the optical properties of turbid media.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A simplex method for function minimization
John A. Nelder,R. Mead +1 more
TL;DR: A method is described for the minimization of a function of n variables, which depends on the comparison of function values at the (n 41) vertices of a general simplex, followed by the replacement of the vertex with the highest value by another point.
Book
Introduction to Numerical Analysis
Josef Stoer,Roland Bulirsch +1 more
TL;DR: This well written book is enlarged by the following topics: B-splines and their computation, elimination methods for large sparse systems of linear equations, Lanczos algorithm for eigenvalue problems, implicit shift techniques for theLR and QR algorithm, implicit differential equations, differential algebraic systems, new methods for stiff differential equations and preconditioning techniques.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the optical properties of biological tissues
TL;DR: The known optical properties (absorption, scattering, total attenuation, effective attenuation and/or anisotropy coefficients) of various biological tissues at a variety of wavelengths are reviewed in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
New contributions to the optics of intensely light-scattering materials.
TL;DR: In this paper, the Gurevic and Judd formulas were derived from the Kubelka-Munk differential equations, and they are exact under the same conditions as in this paper, that is, when the material is perfectly dull and when the light, is perfectly diffused or if it is parallel and hits the specimen under an angle of 60° from normal.