Journal ArticleDOI
Dynorphin is a specific endogenous ligand of the kappa opioid receptor.
TLDR
In the guinea pig ileum myenteric plexus--longitudinal muscle preparation, dynorphin-(1--13) and the prototypical kappa agonist ethylketocyclazocine had equally poor sensitivity to naloxone antagonism and showed selective cross protection in receptor inactivation experiments with the alkylating antagonist beta-chlornaltrexamine.Abstract:
In the guinea pig ileum myenteric plexus--longitudinal muscle preparation, dynorphin-(1--13) and the prototypical kappa agonist ethylketocyclazocine had equally poor sensitivity to naloxone antagonism and showed selective cross protection in receptor inactivation experiments with the alkylating antagonist beta-chlornaltrexamine. In binding assays with membranes from guinea pig brain, ethylketocyclazocine and dynorphin-(1--13) amide were more potent in displacing tritium-labeled ethylketocyclazocine than in displacing typical mu and delta opioid receptor ligands. In the two preparations studied, the dynorphin receptor appears to be the same as the kappa opioid receptor.read more
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Alterations in dopaminergic and glutamatergic transmission in the induction and expression of behavioral sensitization: a critical review of preclinical studies.
TL;DR: The distinctions between drugs in the induction and expression of sensitization indicate that behavioral sensitization can arise from multiple neuroadaptations in multiple brain nuclei, not only the result of distinct molecular targets for the drugs, but may also include a differential involvement of learned associations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endogenous Opioids: Biology and Function
Huda Akil,Stanley J. Watson,Elizabeth A. Young,Michael E. Lewis,Henry Khachaturian,J. M. Walker +5 more
TL;DR: It was therefore impossible for the functionally minded neuro scientist to design and execute experiments taking this heterogeneity into consideration, and even pharmacological studies with these peptides were difficult to interpret in a physiological framework.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Role for Brain Stress Systems in Addiction
TL;DR: The role of brain stress systems and brain antistress systems in addiction provides novel targets for treatment and prevention of addiction and insights into the organization and function of basic brain emotional circuitry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of Cellular Uptake of Cell-Penetrating Peptides
TL;DR: A review focused on uptake mechanisms used by CPPs for membrane translocation and certain experimental factors that affect the mechanism(s) are given.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of Cocaine Reward by CREB
William A. Carlezon,Johannes Thome,Valerie G. Olson,Sarah B. Lane-Ladd,Edward S. Brodkin,Noboru Hiroi,Ronald S. Duman,Rachael L. Neve,Eric J. Nestler +8 more
TL;DR: An intracellular cascade-culminating in gene expression-through which exposure to cocaine modifies subsequent responsiveness to the drug is identified.
References
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Journal Article
The effects of morphine- and nalorphine- like drugs in the nondependent and morphine-dependent chronic spinal dog.
TL;DR: It has been shown that buprenorphine is a partial agonist of the mu type which both suppressed and precipitated abstinence in the morphine-dependent dog while morphine and propoxyphene are stronger agonists.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endogenous opioid peptides: multiple agonists and receptors
TL;DR: It is concluded that the opioid peptidergic system has agonists of different characteristics which interact with more than one type of receptor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynorphin-(1-13), an extraordinarily potent opioid peptide
TL;DR: The remarkable enhancement of the potency of [Leu]enkephalin by the COOH-terminal extension -Arg-Arg-Ile- Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu- lys-OH suggests new interpretations concerning the structure of opiate receptors and the function of the enkephin pentapeptides.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple opiate receptors. Enkephalins and morphine bind to receptors of different specificity.
K J Chang,P Cuatrecasas +1 more
Journal Article
The effects of morphine and nalorphine-like drugs in the nondependent, morphine-dependent and cyclazocine-dependent chronic spinal dog.
P E Gilbert,W R Martin +1 more
TL;DR: Data from the study of morphine-like and nalorphine-like drugs studied in the nondependent, morphine-dependent and cyclazocine-dependent chronic spinal dog are consistent with the hypothesis that there are strong and partial agonists of the mu and kappa types, and further, that physical dependence on morphine and cyclzocine is mediated through different receptors.