Journal ArticleDOI
Early intervention in low birth weight premature infants: Results at 18 years of age for the infant health and development program
Marie C. McCormick,Jeanne Brooks-Gunn,Stephen L. Buka,Julie Goldman,Jennifer Yu,M.P. Salganik,David T. Scott,Forrest C. Bennett,Libby L. Kay,Judy Bernbaum,Charles R. Bauer,Camilia R. Martin,Elizabeth R. Woods,Anne Martin,Patrick H. Casey +14 more
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The findings in the HLBW INT group provide support for preschool education to make long-term changes in a diverse group of children who are at developmental risk and raise questions about the biological and educational factors that foster or inhibit sustained effects of early educational intervention.Abstract:
OBJECTIVE. To assess whether improvements in cognitive and behavioral development seen in preschool educational programs persist, we compared those in a multisite randomized trial of such a program over the first 3 years of life (INT) to those with follow-up only (FUO) at 18 months of age. METHODS. This was a prospective follow-up of the Infant Health and Development Program at 8 sites heterogeneous for sociodemographic characteristics. Originally 985 children were randomized to the INT (n = 377) or FUO (n = 608) groups within 2 birth weight strata: heavier low birth weight (HLBW; 2001–2499 g) and lighter low birth weight (LLBW; ≤2000 g). Primary outcome measures were the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-III), reading and mathematics subscales of the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement, youth self-report on the Total Behavior Problem Index, and high-risk behaviors on the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS). Secondary outcomes included Weschler full-scale IQ, caregiver report on the Total Behavior Problem Index, and caregiver and youth self-reported physical health using the Medical Outcome Study measure. Assessors were masked as to study status. RESULTS. We assessed 636 youths at 18 years (64.6% of the 985, 72% of whom had not died or refused at prior assessments). After adjusting for cohort attrition, differences favoring the INT group were seen on the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement in math (5.1 points), YRBSS (−0.7 points), and the PPVT-III (3.8 points) in the HLBW youth. In the LLBW youth, the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement in reading was higher in the FUO than INT group (4.2). CONCLUSIONS. The findings in the HLBW INT group provide support for preschool education to make long-term changes in a diverse group of children who are at developmental risk. The lack of observable benefit in the LLBW group raises questions about the biological and educational factors that foster or inhibit sustained effects of early educational intervention.read more
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Modern Applied Statistics With S
TL;DR: The modern applied statistics with s is universally compatible with any devices to read, and is available in the digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly.
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Human Capital Development Before Age Five
TL;DR: The authors survey recent work which shows that events before five years old can have large long-term impacts on adult outcomes and provide a brief overview of evidence regarding the effectiveness of different types of policies to provide remediation.
Health literacy interventions and outcomes: an updated systematic review.
Nancy D. Berkman,Stacey L. Sheridan,Katrina E Donahue,David J Halpern,Anthony J. Viera,Karen Crotty,Audrey Holland,Michelle Brasure,Kathleen N. Lohr,Elizabeth Harden,Elizabeth Tant,Ina Wallace,Meera Viswanathan +12 more
TL;DR: Differences in health literacy level were consistently associated with increased hospitalizations, greater emergency care use, lower use of mammography, lower receipt of influenza vaccine, poorer ability to demonstrate taking medications appropriately, poorer able to interpret labels and health messages, and, among seniors, poorer overall health status and higher mortality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strategies to avoid the loss of developmental potential in more than 200 million children in the developing world
Patrice Engle,Maureen M. Black,Jere R. Behrman,Meena Cabral de Mello,Paul Gertler,Lydia Kapiriri,Reynaldo Martorell,Mary Eming Young +7 more
TL;DR: The third in the Child Development Series as discussed by the authors assesses strategies to promote child development and to prevent or ameliorate the loss of developmental potential in developing countries by identifying four well-documented risks: stunting, iodine deficiency, iron deficiency anaemia, and inadequate cognitive stimulation, plus four potential risks based on epidemiological evidence.
Book ChapterDOI
Human Capital Development Before Age Five
Douglas Almond,Janet Currie +1 more
TL;DR: The authors survey recent work which shows that events before five years old can have large long term impacts on adult outcomes, and provide a brief overview of evidence regarding the effectiveness of different types of policies to provide remediation.
References
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Modern Applied Statistics with S
W. N. Venables,Brian D. Ripley +1 more
TL;DR: A guide to using S environments to perform statistical analyses providing both an introduction to the use of S and a course in modern statistical methods.
Book
Statistical Analysis with Missing Data
TL;DR: This work states that maximum Likelihood for General Patterns of Missing Data: Introduction and Theory with Ignorable Nonresponse and large-Sample Inference Based on Maximum Likelihood Estimates is likely to be high.
Journal ArticleDOI
Statistical Analysis With Missing Data
TL;DR: Generalized Estimating Equations is a good introductory book for analyzing continuous and discrete correlated data using GEE methods and provides good guidance for analyzing correlated data in biomedical studies and survey studies.
Modern Applied Statistics With S
TL;DR: The modern applied statistics with s is universally compatible with any devices to read, and is available in the digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly.
Book
Manual for the Child: Behavior Checklist and Revised Child Behavior Profile
TL;DR: In this article, the Association of Science, Education, and Technology (SBSPro) published a survey on the state of the art in early childhood special education in South Korea.