Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of personal experience on self-protective behavior
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The effects of automobile accidents on seat belt use, criminal victimization other than rape on individual crime prevention efforts, natural hazards experience on both natural hazards preparedness and compliance with evacuation warnings, and myocardial infarction on smoking are reviewed.Abstract:
This article seeks to further our understanding of self-protective behavior by examining the effects of a particularly powerful stimulus to action: personal experience. It reviews the effects of automobile accidents on seat belt use, criminal victimization other than rape on individual crime prevention efforts, natural hazards experience on both natural hazards preparedness and compliance with evacuation warnings, and myocardial infarction on smoking. Theories suggesting mechanisms that could link personal experience to behavior are described, and data concerning the effects of experience on some key variables in these theories are discussed. Tentative propositions are offered to resolve the many apparent discrepancies in this literature. These propositions concern the effects of experience on risk perceptions, the influence of experience on risk salience, the specificity of responses to victimization, and the duration of experience effects.read more
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Health Belief Model: A Decade Later:
Nancy K. Janz,Marshall H. Becker +1 more
TL;DR: A critical review of 29 HBM-related investigations published during the period 1974-1984, tabulates the findings from 17 studies conducted prior to 1974, and provides a summary of the total 46 HBM studies.
Book
Communication and Persuasion: Central and Peripheral Routes to Attitude Change
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define the ELM and seine Basiskonzepte theoretisch definiert und durch eine Vielzahl empirischer Studien untermauert.
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On the psychology of prediction
Daniel Kahneman,Amos Tversky +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the rules that determine intuitive predictions and judgments of confidence and contrast these rules to the normative principles of statistical prediction and show that people do not appear to follow the calculus of chance or the statistical theory of prediction.
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Unrealistic optimism about future life events
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the tendency of people to be unrealistically optimistic about future life events and found that degree of desirability, perceived probability, personal experience, perceived controllability, and stereotype saliency would influence the amount of optimistic bias evoked by different events.