Journal ArticleDOI
Environmentally mediated risks for psychopathology: research strategies and findings.
TLDR
To consider the research design requirements needed to provide a rigorous test of environmental mediation hypotheses and to summarize the main findings from research using such designs, selective review of empirical evidence dealing with psychopathology is selected.Abstract:
Objective: To consider the research design requirements needed to provide a rigorous test of environmental mediation hypotheses and to summarize the main findings from research using such designs. Method: Selective review of empirical evidence dealing with psychopathology. Results: There is robust evidence of environmentally mediated risks for psychopathology. There are major individual differences in people's responses to risk experiences. Effects are often dependent on genetic susceptibility (operating through gene-environment interactions). Conclusions: Many of the risks deriving from adverse experiences are reliant on nature-nurture interplay, and one of the main research needs concerns the diverse effects of the environment on the organism.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Gene–environment interactions in psychiatry: joining forces with neuroscience
TL;DR: Opportunities and challenges in the collaboration between psychiatry, epidemiology and neuroscience in studying gene–environment interactions in psychiatry are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
A developmental approach to complex PTSD: childhood and adult cumulative trauma as predictors of symptom complexity.
Marylene Cloitre,Bradley C. Stolbach,Judith Lewis Herman,Bessel A. van der Kolk,Robert S. Pynoos,Jing Wang,Eva Petkova +6 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that Complex PTSD symptoms occur in both adult and child samples in a principled, rule-governed way and that childhood experiences significantly influenced adult symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
The social ecology of resilience: addressing contextual and cultural ambiguity of a nascent construct.
TL;DR: Because resilience occurs even when risk factors are plentiful, greater emphasis needs to be placed on the role social and physical ecologies play in positive developmental outcomes when individuals encounter significant amounts of stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gene-environment interplay and psychopathology: multiple varieties but real effects
TL;DR: This review of research evidence on four varieties of gene-environment interplay considers epigenetic mechanisms by which environmental influences alter the effects of genes and focuses on variations in heritability according to environmental circumstances.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperament and developmental psychopathology
TL;DR: Conceptual issues in relating temperament to psychopathology, including the disputed relation of temperament to personality in children are discussed, and a potential integrative framework is discussed that links trait and biological markers of temperament (reactive, incentive-response tendencies) with regulatory processes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy
TL;DR: Multilevel analyses showed that a measure of collective efficacy yields a high between-neighborhood reliability and is negatively associated with variations in violence, when individual-level characteristics, measurement error, and prior violence are controlled.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of Life Stress on Depression: Moderation by a Polymorphism in the 5-HTT Gene
Avshalom Caspi,Karen Sugden,Terrie E. Moffitt,Alan Taylor,Ian W. Craig,Hona Lee Harrington,Joseph L. McClay,Jonathan Mill,Judy Martin,Antony W. Braithwaite,Richie Poulton +10 more
TL;DR: Evidence of a gene-by-environment interaction is provided, in which an individual's response to environmental insults is moderated by his or her genetic makeup.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior.
Ian C. G. Weaver,Nadia Cervoni,Frances A. Champagne,Ana C. D'Alessio,Shakti Sharma,Jonathan R. Seckl,Sergiy Dymov,Moshe Szyf,Michael J. Meaney +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that an epigenomic state of a gene can be established through behavioral programming, and it is potentially reversible, suggesting a causal relation among epigenomicState, GR expression and the maternal effect on stress responses in the offspring.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Genotype in the Cycle of Violence in Maltreated Children
Avshalom Caspi,Avshalom Caspi,Joseph L. McClay,Terrie E. Moffitt,Terrie E. Moffitt,Jonathan Mill,Judy Martin,Ian W. Craig,Alan Taylor,Richie Poulton +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a large sample of male children from birth to adulthood was studied to determine why some children who are maltreated grow up to develop antisocial behavior, whereas others do not.