Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to contaminated sharps injuries among health‐care workers
TLDR
Occupational exposures to percutaneous injuries are substantial source of infections with bloodborne pathogens among health-care workers (HCWs).Abstract:
Background The global burden of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to percutaneous injuries among health care workers (HCWs) is estimated. Methods The incidence of infections attributable to percutaneous injuries in 14 geographical regions on the basis of the probability of injury, the prevalence of infection, the susceptibility of the worker, and the percutaneous transmission potential are modeled. The model also provides the attributable fractions of infection in HCWs. Results Overall, 16,000 HCV, 66,000 HBV, and 1,000 HIVinfections may have occurred in the year 2000 worldwide among HCWs due to their occupational exposure to percutaneous injuries. The fraction of infections with HCV, HBV, and HIV in HCWs attributabletooccupationalexposuretopercutaneousinjuriesfractionreaches39%,37%, and 4.4% respectively. Conclusions Occupational exposures to percutaneous injuries are substantial source of infections with bloodborne pathogens among health-care workers (HCWs). These infections are highly preventable and should be eliminated. Am. J. Ind. Med. 48:482–490, 2005. 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.read more
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No transmission of blood-borne viruses among hospital staff despite frequent blood exposure.
TL;DR: Despite a high rate of exposure to BBF among HCWs, the risk of infection was low, and there was a 35% increase in the reported incidence of exposures in the period.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Health-Care Workers Towards Hepatitis B Virus Prevention in Kabul, Afghanistan.
Rohullah Roien,Sayed Hamid Mousavi,Akihiko Ozaki,Sayed Abulqasem Baqeri,Sayed Mohammad Reza Hosseini,Shoaib Ahmad,Sunil Shrestha +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of health care workers towards hepatitis B infection in Kabul, Afghanistan and found that the attitude of most of the participants towards HBV prevention was inadequate (53.98%).
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluating a Decade of Exposures to Blood and Body Fluids in an Inner-City Teaching Hospital
TL;DR: Overall rates of hospital staff and student exposures to blood and body fluids (BBF) remain common, but rates vary widely by setting and occupational group, despite the use of various antiexposure devices and provider education programs.
Journal ArticleDOI
IL-17 and IL-22 genetic polymorphisms in HBV vaccine non- and low-responders among healthcare workers.
Zohreh Borzooy,Adrian Streinu-Cercel,Abbass Mirshafiey,Azam Khamseh,Masoud Karkhaneh Mahmoudie,Shadi Sadat Navabi,Marjan Nosrati,Zahra Najafi,Mostafa Hosseini,Seyed Mohammad Jazayeri +9 more
TL;DR: Data suggest that genetic variation in rs4711998 polymorphisms in the IL-17 cytokine may influence vaccine-induced immune responses to HBV vaccine in healthcare workers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of Patient and Occupational Safety Culture in Hospitals: Development of a Questionnaire with Comparable Dimensions and Results of a Feasibility Study in a German University Hospital.
Anke Wagner,Martina Michaelis,Edwin Luntz,Andrea Wittich,Matthias Schrappe,Constanze Lessing,Monika A. Rieger +6 more
TL;DR: The comparative investigation of patient and occupational safety in a large hospital is a promising approach and can be recommended for further studies.
References
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Updated U.S. Public Health Service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HIV and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the U.S. Public Health Service (USPS) recommended HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been changed.
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The role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy in the spread of hepatitis C virus in Egypt
Christina Frank,Mostafa K. Mohamed,G. Thomas Strickland,Daniel Lavanchy,Ray R. Arthur,Laurence S. Magder,Taha El Khoby,Yehia Abdel-Wahab,El Said Aly Ohn,Wagida A. Anwar,Ismail Sallam +10 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that PAT had a major role in the spread of HCV throughout Egypt, and this intensive transmission established a large reservoir of chronic HCV infection, responsible for the high prevalence ofHCV infection and current high rates of transmission.
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A case-control study of HIV seroconversion in health care workers after percutaneous exposure. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Needlestick Surveillance Group.
Denise M. Cardo,David H. Culver,Carol A. Ciesielski,Pamela U. Srivastava,Ruthanne Marcus,Dominique Abiteboul,Julia Heptonstall,Giuseppe Ippolito,Florence Lot,Penny S. McKibben,David M. Bell +10 more
TL;DR: A case–control study of health care workers with occupational, percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood showed that significant risk factors for seroconversion were deep injury, injury with a device that was visibly contaminated with the source patient's blood, and a procedure inv...
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention of perinatally transmitted hepatitis b virus infections with hepatitis b immune globulin and hepatitis b vaccine
R. Palmer Beasley,R. Palmer Beasley,George Chin-Yun Lee,George Chin-Yun Lee,Cheng Hsiung Roan,Cheng Hsiung Roan,Lu-Yu Hwang,Lu-Yu Hwang,Chung Chi Lan,Chung Chi Lan,Fu Yuan Huang,Fu Yuan Huang,Chiung Lin Chen,Chiung Lin Chen +13 more
TL;DR: With HBIG coverage from birth, the timing of the start of vaccination does not seem to be of importance within the first month of life, but to maximise compliance and minimise costs hepatitis B vaccination should be initiated during the confinement.