Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to contaminated sharps injuries among health‐care workers
TLDR
Occupational exposures to percutaneous injuries are substantial source of infections with bloodborne pathogens among health-care workers (HCWs).Abstract:
Background The global burden of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to percutaneous injuries among health care workers (HCWs) is estimated. Methods The incidence of infections attributable to percutaneous injuries in 14 geographical regions on the basis of the probability of injury, the prevalence of infection, the susceptibility of the worker, and the percutaneous transmission potential are modeled. The model also provides the attributable fractions of infection in HCWs. Results Overall, 16,000 HCV, 66,000 HBV, and 1,000 HIVinfections may have occurred in the year 2000 worldwide among HCWs due to their occupational exposure to percutaneous injuries. The fraction of infections with HCV, HBV, and HIV in HCWs attributabletooccupationalexposuretopercutaneousinjuriesfractionreaches39%,37%, and 4.4% respectively. Conclusions Occupational exposures to percutaneous injuries are substantial source of infections with bloodborne pathogens among health-care workers (HCWs). These infections are highly preventable and should be eliminated. Am. J. Ind. Med. 48:482–490, 2005. 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.read more
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Impact of Educational Intervention Measures on Knowledge regarding HIV/ Occupational Exposure and Post Exposure Prophylaxis among Final Year Nursing Students of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India
TL;DR: There is a dearth of knowledge among the final year nursing students of a Medical College Hospital and incorporating the concerned issues in the academic curriculum to provide the students with adequate knowledge and information during their formative years is needed.
Journal Article
Frequency of acute hepatitis C after needle stick injury and its treatment outcome.
Bader Faiyaz Zuberi,Faisal Faiyaz Zuberi,Syed Raizul Hasan,Raj Kumar,Sajjad Ali Memon,Salahuddin Afsar +5 more
TL;DR: Acute HCV is an uncommon disease to diagnose; it has favorable response to therapy if initiated early after a strict surveillance of patients for 8-16 weeks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reported incidences and factors associated with percutaneous injuries and splash exposures among healthcare workers in Kahama District, Tanzania
Rose Laisser,John F. Ng'home +1 more
TL;DR: Adherence to universal precautions, training and reduction of long working hours are necessary in order to reduce infections from percutaneous injuries and exposures in Kahama District of Tanzania.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Medical Students Regarding the Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Control Measures at Qassim University.
Osama Al Wutayd,Abdullah M Alrehaili,Khaled AlSafrani AlSafrani,Abdulrahman Abalkhail,Sulaiman Mohammed AlEidi +4 more
TL;DR: Most medical students have poor knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding the risk of HBV infection, and it is recommended that a policy is implemented for training on infection prevention for all medical students before they start clinical practice.
References
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Journal Article
Updated U.S. Public Health Service guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HIV and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the U.S. Public Health Service (USPS) recommended HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) regimens have been changed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy in the spread of hepatitis C virus in Egypt
Christina Frank,Mostafa K. Mohamed,G. Thomas Strickland,Daniel Lavanchy,Ray R. Arthur,Laurence S. Magder,Taha El Khoby,Yehia Abdel-Wahab,El Said Aly Ohn,Wagida A. Anwar,Ismail Sallam +10 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that PAT had a major role in the spread of HCV throughout Egypt, and this intensive transmission established a large reservoir of chronic HCV infection, responsible for the high prevalence ofHCV infection and current high rates of transmission.
Journal ArticleDOI
A case-control study of HIV seroconversion in health care workers after percutaneous exposure. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Needlestick Surveillance Group.
Denise M. Cardo,David H. Culver,Carol A. Ciesielski,Pamela U. Srivastava,Ruthanne Marcus,Dominique Abiteboul,Julia Heptonstall,Giuseppe Ippolito,Florence Lot,Penny S. McKibben,David M. Bell +10 more
TL;DR: A case–control study of health care workers with occupational, percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood showed that significant risk factors for seroconversion were deep injury, injury with a device that was visibly contaminated with the source patient's blood, and a procedure inv...
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention of perinatally transmitted hepatitis b virus infections with hepatitis b immune globulin and hepatitis b vaccine
R. Palmer Beasley,R. Palmer Beasley,George Chin-Yun Lee,George Chin-Yun Lee,Cheng Hsiung Roan,Cheng Hsiung Roan,Lu-Yu Hwang,Lu-Yu Hwang,Chung Chi Lan,Chung Chi Lan,Fu Yuan Huang,Fu Yuan Huang,Chiung Lin Chen,Chiung Lin Chen +13 more
TL;DR: With HBIG coverage from birth, the timing of the start of vaccination does not seem to be of importance within the first month of life, but to maximise compliance and minimise costs hepatitis B vaccination should be initiated during the confinement.