Open Access
European and Mediterranean hydroclimate response to tropical volcanic forcing over the past millennium
Mukund Palat Rao,B. Cook,Edward R. Cook,R. D'Arrigo,Paul J. Krusic,Kevin J. Anchukaitis,A. N. LeGrande,Brendan M. Buckley,Nicole Davi,Caroline Leland +9 more
- Vol. 2016
TLDR
This article used a modified version of superposed epoch analysis, an eruption year list collated from multiple datasets, and seasonal paleoclimate reconstructions (soil moisture, precipitation, geopotential heights, and temperature) to investigate volcanic forcing of spring and summer hydroclimate over Europe and the Mediterranean over the last millennium.Abstract:
Volcanic eruptions have global climate impacts, but their effect on the hydrologic cycle is poorly understood. We use a modified version of superposed epoch analysis, an eruption year list collated from multiple datasets, and seasonal paleoclimate reconstructions (soil moisture, precipitation, geopotential heights, and temperature) to investigate volcanic forcing of spring and summer hydroclimate over Europe and the Mediterranean over the last millennium. In the western Mediterranean, wet conditions occur in the eruption year and the following 3 years. Conversely, northwestern Europe and the British Isles experience dry conditions in response to volcanic eruptions, with the largest moisture deficits in post-eruption years 2 and 3. The precipitation response occurs primarily in late spring and early summer (April-July), a pattern that strongly resembles the negative phase of the East Atlantic Pattern. Modulated by this mode of climate variability, eruptions force significant, widespread, and heterogeneous hydroclimate responses across Europe and the Mediterranean.read more
Citations
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Volcanic Forcing of Climate over the Past 1500 Years: An Improved Ice-Core-Based Index for Climate Models
TL;DR: This paper extracted volcanic sulfate signals from each ice core record by applying a high-pass loess filter to the time series and examining peaks that exceed twice the 31-year running median absolute deviation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Volcanic effects on climate: recent advances and future avenues
TL;DR: In the last twenty years, several advances have been made, mainly due to improved satellite measurements and observations enabling the effects of small-magnitude eruptions to be quantified, new proxy reconstructions used to investigate the impact of past eruptions, and state-of-the-art aerosol-climate modelling that has led to new insights on how volcanic eruptions affect the climate as discussed by the authors .
Journal ArticleDOI
Megadroughts in the Common Era and the Anthropocene
Benjamin I. Cook,Jason E. Smerdon,Edward R. Cook,A. Park Williams,Kevin J. Anchukaitis,Justin S. Mankin,Kathryn Allen,Laia Andreu-Hayles,Toby R. Ault,Soumaya Belmecheri,Sloan Coats,Bethany Coulthard,Boniface Fosu,Pauline F. Grierson,Daniel Griffin,Dimitris A. Herrera,Monica Ionita,Flavio Lehner,Caroline Leland,Kate Marvel,Mariano S. Morales,Vimal Mishra,Justine Ngoma,Hung Nguyen,Alison O’Donnell,Jonathan G. Palmer,Mukund Palat Rao,Milagros Rodríguez-Catón,Richard Seager,David W. Stahle,S. Stevenson,Uday Kunwar Thapa,Arianna M. Varuolo-Clarke,Erika K. Wise +33 more
TL;DR: The authors discusses shared causes and features of past and future megadroughts, and outlines the impact of anthropogenic forcing on the severity and frequency of observed and projected megadrought events.
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The unidentified volcanic eruption of 1809: why it remains aclimatic cold case
Claudia Timmreck,Matthew Toohey,Davide Zanchettin,Stefan Brönnimann,Elin Lundstadt,Rob Wilson +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a compilation of instrumental and reconstructed temperature time series is used to test the sensitivity of the climate response simulated by the MPI Earth system model to a range of volcanic forcing estimates constructed using estimated volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections (VSSI) and uncertainties from ice core records.
References
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