Journal ArticleDOI
Examination of the traditional Raman lidar technique. I. Evaluating the temperature-dependent lidar equations.
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TLDR
The results indicate that, for the range of temperatures encountered in the troposphere, the magnitude of the temperature-dependent effect can reach 10% or more for narrowband Raman water-vapor measurements.Abstract:
The essential information required for the analysis of Raman lidar water vapor and aerosol data acquired by use of a single laser wavelength is compiled here and in a companion paper [Appl. Opt. 42, 2593 (2003)]. Various details concerning the evaluation of the lidar equations when Raman scattering is measured are covered. These details include the influence of the temperature dependence of both pure rotational and vibrational-rotational Raman scattering on the lidar profile. The full temperature dependence of the Rayleigh-Mie and Raman lidar equations are evaluated by use of a new form of the lidar equation where all the temperature dependence is carried in a single term. The results indicate that, for the range of temperatures encountered in the troposphere, the magnitude of the temperature-dependent effect can reach 10% or more for narrowband Raman water-vapor measurements. Also, the calculation of atmospheric transmission, including the effects of depolarization, is examined carefully. Various formulations of Rayleigh cross-section determination commonly used in the lidar field are compared and reveal differences of as much as 5% among the formulations. The influence of multiple scattering on the measurement of aerosol extinction with the Raman lidar technique is considered, as are several photon pulse pileup-correction techniques.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparisons of Raman Lidar Measurements of Tropospheric Water Vapor Profiles with Radiosondes, Hygrometers on the Meteorological Observation Tower, and GPS at Tsukuba, Japan
Tetsu Sakai,Tomohiro Nagai,Masahisa Nakazato,Takatsugu Matsumura,Narihiro Orikasa,Yoshinori Shoji +5 more
TL;DR: The vertical distribution profiles of the water vapor mixing ratio (w) were measured by Raman lidar at the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan, during the period from 2000 to 2004 as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calibration of a Multichannel Water Vapor Raman Lidar through Noncollocated Operational Soundings: Optimization and Characterization of Accuracy and Variability
TL;DR: In this paper, a parametric automatic procedure to calibrate the multichannel Rayleigh-Mie-Raman lidar at the Institute for Atmospheric Science and Climate of the Italian National Research Council (ISAC-CNR) was presented.
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Polar Liquid Cloud Base Detection Algorithms for High Spectral Resolution or Micropulse Lidar Data
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterisation of boundary layer turbulent processes by the Raman lidar BASIL in the frame of HD(CP) 2 Observational Prototype Experiment
Paolo Di Girolamo,Marco Cacciani,Donato Summa,Andrea Scoccione,Benedetto De Rosa,Andreas Behrendt,Volker Wulfmeyer +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new correction scheme for the removal of the elastic signal crosstalk into the low-quantity number rotational Raman signal is applied, which is applied to a case study (11:30-13:30 UTC, 20 April 2013) from the High Definition Clouds and Precipitation for Climate Prediction (HD(CP)2) Observational Prototype Experiment (HOPE), held in western Germany in the spring 2013.
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Mobile multi-wavelength polarization Raman lidar for water vapor, cloud and aerosol measurement.
Songhua Wu,Xiaoquan Song,Bingyi Liu,Guangyao Dai,Jintao Liu,Kailin Zhang,Shengguang Qin,Dengxin Hua,Fei Gao,Liping Liu +9 more
TL;DR: The WACAL can measure the aerosol and cloud optical properties as well as the water vapor mixing ratio and it is useful for studying the direct and indirect effects of the aerosoli on the climate change.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Variability of Absorption and Optical Properties of Key Aerosol Types Observed in Worldwide Locations
Oleg Dubovik,Brent N. Holben,Thomas F. Eck,Thomas F. Eck,Alexander Smirnov,Yoram J. Kaufman,Michael D. King,Didier Tanré,Ilya Slutsker +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the AERONET network of ground-based radiometers were used to remotely sense the aerosol absorption and other optical properties in several key locations, and the results showed robust differentiation in both the magnitude and spectral dependence of the absorption, a property driving aerosol climate forcing.
Models for the aerosols of the lower atmosphere and the effects of humidity variations on their optical properties
Eric P. Shettle,Robert W. Fenn +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the optical properties of these models are discussed and some comparisons of the model with experimental measurements are presented, as well as a comparison of their experimental basis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rayleigh-scattering calculations for the terrestrial atmosphere
TL;DR: The dispersion of the depolarization factor is shown to affect the Rayleigh phase function slightly, by approximately 1% in the forward, backscattered, and 90° scattering-angle directions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Independent measurement of extinction and backscatter profiles in cirrus clouds by using a combined Raman elastic-backscatter lidar
TL;DR: Examples covering the measured range of extinction-to-backscatter ratios (lidar ratios) in ice clouds are presented and simple backscatter lidars can provide reliable information about the cloud optical depth and the mean cloud lidar ratio.