Journal ArticleDOI
Examination of the traditional Raman lidar technique. I. Evaluating the temperature-dependent lidar equations.
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TLDR
The results indicate that, for the range of temperatures encountered in the troposphere, the magnitude of the temperature-dependent effect can reach 10% or more for narrowband Raman water-vapor measurements.Abstract:
The essential information required for the analysis of Raman lidar water vapor and aerosol data acquired by use of a single laser wavelength is compiled here and in a companion paper [Appl. Opt. 42, 2593 (2003)]. Various details concerning the evaluation of the lidar equations when Raman scattering is measured are covered. These details include the influence of the temperature dependence of both pure rotational and vibrational-rotational Raman scattering on the lidar profile. The full temperature dependence of the Rayleigh-Mie and Raman lidar equations are evaluated by use of a new form of the lidar equation where all the temperature dependence is carried in a single term. The results indicate that, for the range of temperatures encountered in the troposphere, the magnitude of the temperature-dependent effect can reach 10% or more for narrowband Raman water-vapor measurements. Also, the calculation of atmospheric transmission, including the effects of depolarization, is examined carefully. Various formulations of Rayleigh cross-section determination commonly used in the lidar field are compared and reveal differences of as much as 5% among the formulations. The influence of multiple scattering on the measurement of aerosol extinction with the Raman lidar technique is considered, as are several photon pulse pileup-correction techniques.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Aerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of the EARLINET project. 3. Raman lidar algorithm for aerosol extinction, backscatter, and lidar ratio
Gelsomina Pappalardo,Aldo Amodeo,Marco Pandolfi,Ulla Wandinger,Albert Ansmann,Jens Bösenberg,Volker Matthias,V. Amirdis,F. De Tomasi,M. Frioud,Marco Iarlori,L. Komguem,Alexandros Papayannis,Francesc Rocadenbosch,Xuan Wang +14 more
TL;DR: An intercomparison of the algorithms used to retrieve aerosol extinction and backscatter starting from Raman lidar signals has been performed by 11 groups of lidar scientists involved in the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network and demonstrates that the data-handling procedures used by all the lidar groups provide satisfactory results.
Book
Aerosol pollution impact on precipitation : a scientific review
Zev Levin,William R. Cotton +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the distribution of Atmospheric Aerosols: Transport, transformation and removal, in situ and remote sensing techniques for measuring aerosols, Clouds and Precipitation are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
The automated multiwavelength Raman polarization and water-vapor lidar Polly XT : the neXT generation
Ronny Engelmann,Thomas Kanitz,Holger Baars,Birgit Heese,Dietrich Althausen,Annett Skupin,Ulla Wandinger,Mika Komppula,Iwona S. Stachlewska,Vassilis Amiridis,Eleni Marinou,Ina Mattis,Holger Linné,Albert Ansmann +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present recent changes of the setup of the portable multiwavelength Raman and polarization lidar PollyXT and discuss the improved capabilities of the system by means of a case study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Saharan dust intrusions in the Mediterranean area: Three years of Raman lidar measurements
TL;DR: In this article, a multi-year climatological study of Saharan dust intrusions in the central Mediterranean in terms of aerosol optical parameters vertical profiles is carried out for the first time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of Asian dust and Siberian smoke with multi‐wavelength Raman lidar over Tokyo, Japan in spring 2003
Toshiyuki Murayama,Detlef Müller,Katsuya Wada,Atsushi Shimizu,Miho Sekiguchi,Tatsuro Tsukamoto +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a dual-wavelength Raman lidar was used to measure the optical properties of the free troposphere over Tokyo, Japan with a single-scattering albedo at 532 nm.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple-scattering influence on extinction- and backscatter-coefficient measurements with Raman and high-spectral-resolution lidars
TL;DR: A formalism describing the influence of multiple scattering on cloud measurements with Raman and high-spectral-resolution lidars is presented and it is found that, for typical measurement geometries of ground-based lidars, as many as five scattering orders contribute significantly to the backscattered light.
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Saharan dust profiles measured by lidar at Lampedusa
TL;DR: In this paper, Lidar observations of the tropospheric aerosols were carried out at the island of Lampedusa (35.5°N, 12.6°E) in the Mediterranean during May-June 1999, within the photochemical activity and ultraviolet radiation II experiment.
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Atmospheric temperature measurements made by rotational Raman scattering
TL;DR: Rotational Raman scattering of light from the second harmonic of a Nd:YAG laser is used to measure atmospheric temperature at altitudes of 3 to 20 km and comparisons with radiosonde profiles show excellent agreement to within the precision of the measurements and the variability of the atmosphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
The rovibrational Raman spectrum of water vapour v 1 and v 3
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used rovibrational wave functions derived from the analysis of high-resolution absorption spectra for the determination of the depolarization ratio and the ratio of the two non-vanishing second-order irreducible tensor components for v 1.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the Rayleigh-Scattering Optical Depth of the Atmosphere
TL;DR: This paper pointed out that the revised Rayleigh-scattering optical depths published by Hoyt (1977) are not correct, because King's (1923) formula requires that the rotational lines be included in the polarization measurement, to exclude them is to exclude the contribution of the Raman-shifted photons to the total molecular extinction.