Journal ArticleDOI
Examination of the traditional Raman lidar technique. I. Evaluating the temperature-dependent lidar equations.
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TLDR
The results indicate that, for the range of temperatures encountered in the troposphere, the magnitude of the temperature-dependent effect can reach 10% or more for narrowband Raman water-vapor measurements.Abstract:
The essential information required for the analysis of Raman lidar water vapor and aerosol data acquired by use of a single laser wavelength is compiled here and in a companion paper [Appl. Opt. 42, 2593 (2003)]. Various details concerning the evaluation of the lidar equations when Raman scattering is measured are covered. These details include the influence of the temperature dependence of both pure rotational and vibrational-rotational Raman scattering on the lidar profile. The full temperature dependence of the Rayleigh-Mie and Raman lidar equations are evaluated by use of a new form of the lidar equation where all the temperature dependence is carried in a single term. The results indicate that, for the range of temperatures encountered in the troposphere, the magnitude of the temperature-dependent effect can reach 10% or more for narrowband Raman water-vapor measurements. Also, the calculation of atmospheric transmission, including the effects of depolarization, is examined carefully. Various formulations of Rayleigh cross-section determination commonly used in the lidar field are compared and reveal differences of as much as 5% among the formulations. The influence of multiple scattering on the measurement of aerosol extinction with the Raman lidar technique is considered, as are several photon pulse pileup-correction techniques.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Aerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of the EARLINET project. 3. Raman lidar algorithm for aerosol extinction, backscatter, and lidar ratio
Gelsomina Pappalardo,Aldo Amodeo,Marco Pandolfi,Ulla Wandinger,Albert Ansmann,Jens Bösenberg,Volker Matthias,V. Amirdis,F. De Tomasi,M. Frioud,Marco Iarlori,L. Komguem,Alexandros Papayannis,Francesc Rocadenbosch,Xuan Wang +14 more
TL;DR: An intercomparison of the algorithms used to retrieve aerosol extinction and backscatter starting from Raman lidar signals has been performed by 11 groups of lidar scientists involved in the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network and demonstrates that the data-handling procedures used by all the lidar groups provide satisfactory results.
Book
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TL;DR: In this paper, the distribution of Atmospheric Aerosols: Transport, transformation and removal, in situ and remote sensing techniques for measuring aerosols, Clouds and Precipitation are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
The automated multiwavelength Raman polarization and water-vapor lidar Polly XT : the neXT generation
Ronny Engelmann,Thomas Kanitz,Holger Baars,Birgit Heese,Dietrich Althausen,Annett Skupin,Ulla Wandinger,Mika Komppula,Iwona S. Stachlewska,Vassilis Amiridis,Eleni Marinou,Ina Mattis,Holger Linné,Albert Ansmann +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present recent changes of the setup of the portable multiwavelength Raman and polarization lidar PollyXT and discuss the improved capabilities of the system by means of a case study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Saharan dust intrusions in the Mediterranean area: Three years of Raman lidar measurements
TL;DR: In this article, a multi-year climatological study of Saharan dust intrusions in the central Mediterranean in terms of aerosol optical parameters vertical profiles is carried out for the first time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of Asian dust and Siberian smoke with multi‐wavelength Raman lidar over Tokyo, Japan in spring 2003
Toshiyuki Murayama,Detlef Müller,Katsuya Wada,Atsushi Shimizu,Miho Sekiguchi,Tatsuro Tsukamoto +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a dual-wavelength Raman lidar was used to measure the optical properties of the free troposphere over Tokyo, Japan with a single-scattering albedo at 532 nm.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Practical Model for the Calculation of Multiply Scattered Lidar Returns
TL;DR: In this article, an equation to predict the intensity of the multiply scattered lidar return is presented, where both the scattering cross section and the scattering phase function can be specified as a function of range.
Appendix B: A practical model for the calculation of multiply scattered lidar returns
TL;DR: This approximation considers photon trajectories with multiple small-angle forward-scattering events and one large-angle scattering that directs the photon back toward the receiver.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric temperature profiling in the presence of clouds with a pure rotational Raman lidar by use of an interference-filter-based polychromator
Andreas Behrendt,Jens Reichardt +1 more
TL;DR: A lidar polychromator design for the measurement of atmospheric temperature profiles in the presence of clouds with the rotational Raman method, characteristics of this design are high signal efficiency and adjustable center wavelengths of the filters combined with a stable and relatively simple experimental setup.
Journal ArticleDOI
Automated Retrievals of Water Vapor and Aerosol Profiles from an Operational Raman Lidar
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed automated routines to derive water vapor mixing ratio, relative humidity, aerosol extinction and backscatter coefficient, and linear depolarization profiles, as well as total precipitable water vapor and aerosol optical thickness from the operational Raman lidar at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program's site in north-central Oklahoma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diffusion of indium in GaSb
Daniel Mathiot,G. Edelin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the diffusion of indium in GaSb was investigated in both Ga-saturated and Sb-Saturated crystals for temperatures ranging from 520°C to the melting point (712°C).