Journal ArticleDOI
Extensive Nitration of Protein Tyrosines in Human Atherosclerosis Detected by Immunohistochemistry
J. S. Beckmann,Yao Zu Ye,Peter G. Anderson,Jun Chen,M. A. Accavitti,M. M. Tarpey,C. R. White +6 more
TLDR
The presence of nitrotyrosine indicates that oxidants derived from nitric oxide such as peroxynitrite are generated in human atherosclerosis and may be involved in its pathogenesis.Abstract:
Oxidation of lipoproteins is important for the initiation and propagation of the atherosclerotic lesion and may involve secondary oxidants derived from nitric oxide. Nitric oxide (NO) reacts at near diffusion limited rates with superoxide (O2-.) to form the strong oxidant, peroxynitrite (ONOO-). Nitration on the ortho position of tyrosine is a major product of peroxynitrite attack on proteins. Nitrotyrosine was detected in atherosclerotic lesions of formalin-fixed human coronary arteries with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Binding was pronounced in and around foamy macrophages within the atheroma deposits. Nitration was also observed in early subintimal fatty streaks. Antibody binding was completely blocked by co-incubation with 10mM nitrotyrosine, but not by equivalent concentrations of aminotyrosine or phosphotyrosine. The presence of nitrotyrosine indicates that oxidants derived from nitric oxide such as peroxynitrite are generated in human atherosclerosis and may be involved in its pathogenesis.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite in Health and Disease
TL;DR: Current evidence indicates that most of the cytotoxicity attributed to NO is rather due to peroxynitrite, produced from the diffusion-controlled reaction between NO and another free radical, the superoxide anion, which is presented in detail in this review.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite: the good, the bad, and ugly.
J. S. Beckman,Willem H. Koppenol +1 more
TL;DR: The rapid diffusion of nitric oxide between cells allows it to locally integrate the responses of blood vessels to turbulence, modulate synaptic plasticity in neurons, and control the oscillatory behavior of neuronal networks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flavonoid antioxidants: chemistry, metabolism and structure-activity relationships.
TL;DR: The diversity and multiple mechanisms of flavonoid action, together with the numerous methods of initiation, detection and measurement of oxidative processes in vitro and in vivo offer plausible explanations for existing discrepancies in structure-activity relationships.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Oxidative Modifications in Atherosclerosis
Roland Stocker,John F. Keaney +1 more
TL;DR: An "oxidative response to inflammation" model is proposed as a means of reconciling the response-to-injury and oxidative modification hypotheses of atherosclerosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: a new perspective on an old paradigm.
John W. Baynes,S R Thorpe +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated whether increased oxidative stress has a primary role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications or whether it is a secondary indicator of end-stage tissue damage in diabetes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The reaction of no with superoxide
Robert E. Huie,S. Padmaja +1 more
TL;DR: The rate constant for the reaction of NO with .O2- was determined to be (6.7 +/- 0.9) x 10(9) l mol-1 s-1, considerably higher than previously reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hypercholesterolemia increases endothelial superoxide anion production.
TL;DR: Increased endothelial O2- production in HV may inactivate endothelium-derived nitric oxide and provide a source for other oxygen radicals, contributing to the early atherosclerotic process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peroxynitrite-mediated tyrosine nitration catalyzed by superoxide dismutase
Harry Ischiropoulos,Ling Zhu,Jun Chen,Michael Y. Tsai,James C. Martin,Craig D. Smith,Joseph S. Beckman +6 more
TL;DR: The mechanism appears to involve peroxynitrite initially reacting with the active site copper to form an intermediate with the reactivity of nitronium ion (NO2+), which then nitrates tyrosine on a second molecule of superoxide dismutase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peroxynitrite formation from macrophage-derived nitric oxide
TL;DR: The formation of a relatively long lived, strong oxidant from the reaction of nitric oxide and superoxide in activated macrophages may contribute to inflammatory cell-mediated tissue injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitric oxide release from a single cell measured in situ by a porphyrinic-based microsensor
Tadeusz Malinski,Ziad Taha +1 more
TL;DR: A porphyrinic microsensor is developed and applied to monitoring NO release in a microsystem and selectively measured in situ the NO released from a single cell with a response time of less than 10 ms.