Eye tracking using artificial neural networks for human computer interaction.
TLDR
This paper describes an ongoing project that has the aim to develop a low cost application to replace a computer mouse for people with physical impairment based on an eye tracking algorithm that significantly outperform parametric interpolation techniques.Abstract:
This paper describes an ongoing project that has the aim to develop a low cost application to replace a computer mouse for people with physical impairment. The application is based on an eye tracking algorithm and assumes that the camera and the head position are fixed. Color tracking and template matching methods are used for pupil detection. Calibration is provided by neural networks as well as by parametric interpolation methods. Neural networks use back-propagation for learning and bipolar sigmoid function is chosen as the activation function. The user's eye is scanned with a simple web camera with backlight compensation which is attached to a head fixation device. Neural networks significantly outperform parametric interpolation techniques: 1) the calibration procedure is faster as they require less calibration marks and 2) cursor control is more precise. The system in its current stage of development is able to distinguish regions at least on the level of desktop icons. The main limitation of the proposed method is the lack of head-pose invariance and its relative sensitivity to illumination (especially to incidental pupil reflections).read more
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Posted Content
A Survey on Eye-Gaze Tracking Techniques.
H. R. Chennamma,Xiaohui Yuan +1 more
TL;DR: The goal of this paper is to present a review of latest research in this continued growth of remote eye-gaze tracking, which includes the basic definitions and terminologies, recent advances in the field and finally the need of future development in this field.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Real Time Eye Gaze Tracking with 3D Deformable Eye-Face Model
Kang Wang,Qiang Ji +1 more
TL;DR: A 3D model-based gaze estimation method with a single web-camera, which enables instant and portable eye gaze tracking and outperforms state-of-the-art methods while allowing convenient system setup and free head movement.
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Model-based head pose-free gaze estimation for assistive communication
TL;DR: A geometrical model of the face and eyes, based on a cylindrical head and spherical eyeballs model, is proposed to estimate the eye-gaze under free head movement from a single camera integrated into a notebook computer, alleviating any assumptions of stationary head movement without requiring prolonged user co-operation prior to gaze estimation.
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Unobtrusive and pervasive video-based eye-gaze tracking
TL;DR: This critical review focuses on emerging passive and unobtrusive video-based eye-gaze tracking methods in recent literature, with the aim to identify different research avenues that are being followed in response to the challenges of pervasive eye- gaze tracking.
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2D Gaze Estimation Based on Pupil-Glint Vector Using an Artificial Neural Network
TL;DR: The experimental results show that gaze estimation accuracy of the proposed method is better than that of linear regression (direct least squares regression) and nonlinear regression (generic artificial neural network), and contributes to enhancing the total accuracy of a gaze tracking system.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Object tracking: A survey
TL;DR: The goal of this article is to review the state-of-the-art tracking methods, classify them into different categories, and identify new trends to discuss the important issues related to tracking including the use of appropriate image features, selection of motion models, and detection of objects.
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TL;DR: The first international meeting devoted to brain-computer interface research and development is summarized, which focuses on the development of appropriate applications, identification of appropriate user groups, and careful attention to the needs and desires of individual users.
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In the Eye of the Beholder: A Survey of Models for Eyes and Gaze
Dan Witzner Hansen,Qiang Ji +1 more
TL;DR: This review shows that, despite their apparent simplicity, the development of a general eye detection technique involves addressing many challenges, requires further theoretical developments, and is consequently of interest to many other domains problems in computer vision and beyond.
Journal ArticleDOI
An EEG-based brain-computer interface for cursor control
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