Journal ArticleDOI
Fluid dynamics of relativistic blast waves
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In this paper, a fluid dynamical treatment of an ultra-relativistic spherical blast wave enclosed by a strong shock is presented, and a simple similarity solution describing the explosion of a fixed amount of energy in a uniform medium is derived, and generalized to include cases in which power is supplied by a central source and the density of the external medium varies with radius.Abstract:
A fluid dynamical treatment of an ultra‐relativistic spherical blast wave enclosed by a strong shock is presented. A simple similarity solution describing the explosion of a fixed amount of energy in a uniform medium is derived, and this is generalized to include cases in which power is supplied by a central source and the density of the external medium varies with radius. Radiative shocks, in which the escaping photons carry away momentum as well as energy, are also discussed. Formulas that interpolate between the non‐ and ultra‐relativistic limits are proposed.read more
Citations
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The Environments of the Most Energetic Gamma-Ray Bursts
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the properties of a sample of long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) detected by the Fermi satellite that have a spectroscopic redshift and good follow-up coverage at both X-ray and optical/near infrared wavelengths.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cosmic-ray volleys from the galactic center and their recent impact on the earth environment
TL;DR: In this paper, it is suggested that outbursts of cosmic ray electrons from the Galactic Center penetrate the Galaxy relatively undamped and are able to have a major impact on the Solar System through their ability to vaporize and inject cometary material into the interplanetary environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Late-time radio rebrightening of gamma-ray burst afterglows: Evidence for double-sided jets
Zhuo Li,L. M. Song +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the other receding jet, which is expected to give rise to late-time radio rebrightening (RRB) when it becomes nonrelativistic (NR) and radiatively isotropic.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Semi-analytic Formulation for Relativistic Blast Waves with a Long-lived Reverse Shock
Abstract: This paper performs a semi-analytic study of relativistic blast waves in the context of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Although commonly used in a wide range of analytical and numerical studies, the equation of state (EOS) with a constant adiabatic index is a poor approximation for relativistic hydrodynamics. Adopting a more realistic EOS with a variable adiabatic index, we present a simple form of jump conditions for relativistic hydrodynamical shocks. Then we describe in detail our technique of modeling a very general class of GRB blast waves with a long-lived reverse shock. Our technique admits an arbitrary radial stratification of the ejecta and ambient medium. We use two different methods to find dynamics of the blast wave: (1) customary pressure balance across the blast wave and (2) the "mechanical model". Using a simple example model, we demonstrate that the two methods yield significantly different dynamical evolutions of the blast wave. We show that the pressure balance does not satisfy the energy conservation for an adiabatic blast wave while the mechanical model does. We also compare two sets of afterglow light curves obtained with the two different methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Location and Environments of Neutron Star Mergers in an Evolving Universe
Brandon K. Wiggins,Brandon K. Wiggins,Chris L. Fryer,Joseph Smidt,Dieter H. Hartmann,Nicole M. Lloyd-Ronning,Chris Belcynski +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present cosmological simulations following the evolution of a galaxy cluster including star formation combined with binary population synthesis models to self-consistently track the locations and environmental gas densities of compact binary merger sites throughout the cosmic web.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Formation of a Blast Wave by a Very Intense Explosion. I. Theoretical Discussion
TL;DR: This paper has now been declassified, and though it has been superseded by more complete calculations, it seems appropriate to publish it as it was first written, without alteration, except for the omission of a few lines, the addition of this summary, and a comparison with some more recent experimental work as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relativistic Rankine-Hugoniot Equations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relativistic form of the Rankine-Hugoniot equations are derived and it is shown that as a consequence of the inequality mentioned earlier that the shock wave velocity is always less than that of light in vacuum for sufficiently strong shocks.