Journal ArticleDOI
Global river hydrography and network routing: baseline data and new approaches to study the world's large river systems
Bernhard Lehner,Günther Grill +1 more
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TLDR
A new modeling framework that integrates hydrographic baseline data at a global scale with new modeling tools, specifically a river network routing model (HydroROUT) that is currently under development that is designed to provide an avenue for advanced hydro-ecological applications at large scales in a consistent and highly versatile way is presented.Abstract:
Despite significant recent advancements, global hydrological models and their input databases still show limited capabilities in supporting many spatially detailed research questions and integrated assessments, such as required in freshwater ecology or applied water resources management. In order to address these challenges, the scientific community needs to create improved large-scale datasets and more flexible data structures that enable the integration of information across and within spatial scales; develop new and advanced models that support the assessment of longitudinal and lateral hydrological connectivity; and provide an accessible modeling environment for researchers, decision makers, and practitioners. As a contribution, we here present a new modeling framework that integrates hydrographic baseline data at a global scale (enhanced HydroSHEDS layers and coupled datasets) with new modeling tools, specifically a river network routing model (HydroROUT) that is currently under development. The resulting ‘hydro-spatial fabric’ is designed to provide an avenue for advanced hydro-ecological applications at large scales in a consistent and highly versatile way. Preliminary results from case studies to assess human impacts on water quality and the effects of dams on river fragmentation and downstream flow regulation illustrate the potential of this combined data-and-modeling framework to conduct novel research in the fields of aquatic ecology, biogeochemistry, geo-statistical modeling, or pollution and health risk assessments. The global scale outcomes are at a previously unachieved spatial resolution of 500 m and can thus support local planning and decision making in many of the world's large river basins. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.read more
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Geographical and elevational distributions of the Black-breasted Leaf Turtle, Geoemyda spengleri (Gmelin, 1789) (Testudines: Geoemydidae)
Jeffrey O. Dawson,Daniel L. Gaillard,Shiping Gong,Li Lin,Timothy E.M. McCormack,C. Nanthavong,Thang Tai Nguyen,Truong Q. Nguyen,T. V. Pham,Hai Tao Shi +9 more
TL;DR: Geoemyda spengleri is a small terrestrial turtle found in montane forests of China, Laos, and Vietnam as discussed by the authors , and it is known that the species inhabits an elevation range of 530-1,548 m.
Journal ArticleDOI
All-Weather and Superpixel Water Extraction Methods Based on Multisource Remote Sensing Data Fusion
TL;DR: In this article , a multisource data fusion model (MDFM) and superpixel water extraction model (SWEM) are proposed, in which the MDFM fuses optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, and all-weather water extraction is achieved by using spectral information of optical images, texture information and the good penetration performance of SAR images.
Journal ArticleDOI
Paleolithic occupation of arid Central Asia in the Middle Pleistocene
Emma M. Finestone,Paul S. Breeze,Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach,Nick Drake,Laura Bergmann,Farhod Maksudov,Akmal Muhammadiyev,Peter Scott,Yanjun Cai,Arina M. Khatsenovich,E.P. Rybin,Gernot Nehrke,Nicole Boivin,Michael Petraglia +13 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors compile and analyze paleoclimatic and archaeological data from Pleistocene Central Asia, including examination of a new layer-counted speleothem-based multiproxy record of hydrological changes in southern Uzbekistan at the end of MIS 11.
A new skill score for ensemble flood maps: assessing spatial spread-skill with remote sensing observations.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluate the spatial predictability and the spatial spread-skill of an ensemble flood forecast across a domain of interest using a scale-5 selective approach to evaluate a convective precipitation ensemble forecast.
References
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The River Continuum Concept
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that producer and consumer communities characteristic of a given river reach become established in harmony with the dynamic physical conditions of the channel.
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Network Flows: Theory, Algorithms, and Applications
TL;DR: In-depth, self-contained treatments of shortest path, maximum flow, and minimum cost flow problems, including descriptions of polynomial-time algorithms for these core models are presented.
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Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity
Charles J. Vörösmarty,Peter B. McIntyre,Peter B. McIntyre,Mark O. Gessner,David Dudgeon,Alexander A. Prusevich,Pamela A. Green,Stanley Glidden,Stuart E. Bunn,Caroline A Sullivan,C. Reidy Liermann,Peter Davies +11 more
TL;DR: The first worldwide synthesis to jointly consider human and biodiversity perspectives on water security using a spatial framework that quantifies multiple stressors and accounts for downstream impacts is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Water Resources: Vulnerability from Climate Change and Population Growth
TL;DR: Numerical experiments combining climate model outputs, water budgets, and socioeconomic information along digitized river networks demonstrate that (i) a large proportion of the world's population is currently experiencing water stress and (ii) rising water demands greatly outweigh greenhouse warming in defining the state of global water systems to 2025.
Journal ArticleDOI
Basic principles and ecological consequences of altered flow regimes for aquatic biodiversity.
Stuart E. Bunn,Angela Arthington +1 more
TL;DR: This literature review has focused this literature review around four key principles to highlight the important mechanisms that link hydrology and aquatic biodiversity and to illustrate the consequent impacts of altered flow regimes.