Journal ArticleDOI
Growing Rice Aerobically Markedly Decreases Arsenic Accumulation
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It is demonstrated that a greatly increased bioavailability of As under the flooded conditions is the main reason for an enhanced As accumulation by flooded rice, and growing rice aerobically can dramatically decrease the As transfer from soil to grain.Abstract:
Arsenic (As) exposure from consumption of rice can be substantial, particularly for the population on a subsistence rice diet in South Asia. Paddy rice has a much enhanced As accumulation compared with other cereal crops, and practical measures are urgently needed to decrease As transfer from soil to grain. We investigated the dynamics of As speciation in the soil solution under both flooded and aerobic conditions and compared As accumulation in rice shoot and grain in a greenhouse experiment. Flooding of soil led to a rapid mobilization of As, mainly as arsenite, in the soil solution. Arsenic concentrations in the soil solution were 7−16 and 4−13 times higher under the flooded than under the aerobic conditions in the control without As addition and in the +As treatments (10 mg As kg−1 as arsenite or arsenate), respectively. Arsenate was the main As species in the aerobic soil. Arsenic accumulation in rice shoots and grain was markedly increased under flooded conditions; grain As concentrations were 10−15...read more
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Comment on "Growing Rice Aerobically Markedly Decreases Arsenic Accumulation"
TL;DR: It is suggested that more emphasis should be placed on controlled field studies in current efforts to reduce the uptake of As by rice and the scale of transfer of As from soil to soil water as well as the transfer from soil water to rice grains differ significantly from observations conducted in cultivated rice paddies in Bangladesh.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochemical Response of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) to Selenium (Se) under Drought Stress
Jawad Ali,Ibadullah Jan,Hidayat Ullah,Shah Fahad,Shah Saud,Muhammad Adnan,Baber Ali,Ke Liu,Matthew T. Harrison,Shahbaz Gul Hassan,Sunjeet Kumar,Muhammad Amjad Khan,Muhammad Kamran,Mona S. Alwahibi,Mohamed S. Elshikh +14 more
TL;DR: In this article , the role of selenium (0, 1, 2, and 3 mg Se L−1 as a foliar application) in improving okra tolerance to drought (control (100% field capacity), mild stress (70% FC), and severe stress (35% FC)) imposed 30 days after sowing (DAS).
Book ChapterDOI
The Physiology of Arsenic in Rice
TL;DR: The mechanisms of arsenic uptake, translocation and metabolism are discussed, focusing on rice but also draw on the knowledge gained from studies of other plant species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic in Argentinean polished rice: Situation overview and regulatory framework
Juan Martín Oteiza,Patricia Angelica Barril,César E. Quintero,César E. Quintero,Marianela Savio,Marianela Savio,Romina Befani,Romina Befani,Alicia Fernández Cirelli,Alicia Fernández Cirelli,Natalia S. Echegaray,Carolina Murad,Ariel Buedo +12 more
TL;DR: The Codex Alimentarius has established a 200μg/kg−1 limit of arsenic species in polished rice grain, while the Argentine Food Code, in accordance with the Mercado Comun del Sur (Mercosur), has set an advisory level of 300μg / kg−1 of total As as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aging of exogenous arsenic in flooded paddy soils: Characteristics and predictive models.
TL;DR: In this article, the aging process of exogenous arsenic in paddy soils was studied. But, the authors focused on the aging of the arsenic in the paddy soil and did not consider the environmental behavior of the exogenous As in the soil.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters
TL;DR: The scale of the problem in terms of population exposed to high As concentrations is greatest in the Bengal Basin with more than 40 million people drinking water containing ‘excessive’ As as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differenzierung der Eisenoxide des Bodens durch Extraktion mit Ammoniumoxalat‐Lösung
Journal ArticleDOI
Worldwide Occurrences of Arsenic in Ground Water
TL;DR: Nordstrom et al. as mentioned in this paper argue that human health risks from arsenic in ground water can be minimized by incorporating hydrogeochemical knowledge into water management decisions and by more careful monitoring for arsenic in geologically high-risk areas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Arsenic uptake and metabolism in arsenic resistant and nonresistant plant species
TL;DR: This review synthesizes current knowledge on arsenic uptake, metabolism and toxicity for arsenic resistant and nonresistant plants, including the recently discovered phenomenon of arsenic hyperaccumulation in certain fern species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of redox potential and pH on arsenic speciation and solubility in a contaminated soil
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of redox potential and pH on arsenic speciation and solubility was studied in a contaminated soil, and the observed slow kinetics of the As(V)-As(III) transformation and the high concentrations of Mn present indicate that, under reduced soil conditions, arsenic solubability could be controlled by a Mn{sub 3}(AsO{sub 4}){sub 2} phase.