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Journal ArticleDOI

Growth responses to elevated CO2 and soil quality in beech-spruce model ecosystems

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TLDR
In this article, the authors presented the reponses de croissance initiales des arbres de hetres (Fagus sylvatica L.) and d'epiceas (Picea abies Karst) in chambres decouvertes.
Abstract
Nous avons etudie, dans des chambres decouvertes, les reponses de croissance de hetres (Fagus sylvatica L.) et d'epiceas (Picea abies Karst.) a une elevation du CO 2 atmospherique (366 et 550 μl CO 2 l -1 ) et a une augmentation de l'apport d'azote par precipitation (2.5 et 25 kg N ha -1 a -1 ) sur deux types de sols. Huit jeunes hetres et epiceas ont ete installes, en meme temps que 5 especes de sous-bois, dans chacun des 32 ecosystemes modeles. Nous presentons les reponses de croissance initiales des arbres au cours de la premiere annee de traitement, ce qui peut donner des tendances pour des reponses plus long terme a une augmentation du CO 2 . La production de biomasse epidee au niveau du systeme (donnees biometriques) au cours de la premiere annee et la biomasse de racines (donnees de carottage) ne presentent pas de reponses significatives a une elevation du CO 2 , independamment d'autres traitements associes. L'augmentation de l'apport d'azote (traitement debute en milieu de saison) n'a pas non plus d'effet sur la biomasse epigee, alors que la biomasse de racines en fin de saison a augmente significativement dans le sol acide peu fertile fort traitement en azote (74 g m 2 pour le traitement fort en azote et 49 g m 2 pour le traitement faible en azote), mais pas dans le sol calcaire plus fertile. L'augmentation du diametre du tronc des hetres s'accroit significativement (+ 9 %>) sous CO 2 eleve sur sol calcaire mais non sur sol acide. L'inverse a ete trouve pour les troncs d'epiceas qui repondent positivement a une elevation du CO 2 sur sol acide (+ 11 %; P < 0.05) mais non sur sol calcaire. Ces resultats suggerent que le type de sol determine egalement la reponse au CO 2 de jeunes arbres forestiers et que ces interactions sont specifiques. Ces differences initiales sont susceptibles d'affecter les reponses a long terme de la structure de la communaute et du fonctionnement de l'ecosysteme. Le type de sol apparait comme un facteur cle pour les predictions de reponses des forets a un enrichissement continu du CO 2 atmospherique.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Potential impact of climate change on vegetation in the European Alps: A review

TL;DR: Based on conclusions drawn from general climatic impact assessmentin mountain regions, a review synthesizes results relevant to the European Alps published mainly from 1994 onward in the fields of population genetics, ecophysiology, phenology, phytogeography, modeling, paleoecology and vegetation dynamics as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI

Tree responses to rising CO2 in field experiments: implications for the future forest

TL;DR: Experiments with trees in open-top chamber experiments have provided data on longer-term, larger-scale responses of trees to elevated CO2 under field conditions, confirmed some of the conclusions from previous seedling studies, and challenged other conclusions.
Journal ArticleDOI

Forest Processes and Global Environmental Change: Predicting the Effects of Individual and Multiple Stressors

TL;DR: The authors reviewed the state of prediction of forest ecosystem response to envisioned changes in the physical and chemical climate and proposed a model to predict the responses of forests to global change, using single-factor experiments at the scale of the whole ecosystem.
Journal ArticleDOI

Changes in radial tree growth for Picea abies, Larix decidua, Pinus cembra and Pinus uncinata near the alpine timberline since 1750

TL;DR: The analysis of four regional climatic series, and three longer series of temperature reveals synchronous decadal fluctuations and an evident secular increase in minimum temperatures, that may be involved in tree-growth enhancement.
Journal ArticleDOI

Recent changes in forest productivity: An analysis of national forest inventory data for common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in north-eastern France

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors carried out an exploratory modelling analysis of productivity changes, based on the French national forest inventory data, to assess recent trends in forest productivity and investigate a possible recent decline as found in previous studies; and investigate trend variations relative to site fertility factors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The Response of Natural Ecosystems to the Rising Global CO2 Levels

TL;DR: Because CO2 is a greenhouse gas, its increase in the atmosphere may influence the earth's energy budget and influence world ecosystems by direct effects on plant growth and development.
Book ChapterDOI

The Direct Effects of Increase in the Global Atmospheric CO2 Concentration on Natural and Commercial Temperate Trees and Forests

TL;DR: This chapter discusses the direct effects of increase in the global atmospheric CO 2 concentration on natural and commercial temperate trees and forests and the impact on the ecology and environment of woods and forests, and the downstream, socio-economic consequences.
Book ChapterDOI

The Biosphere and Man

TL;DR: This volume deals with the characterization of the biosphere as a whole in terms of productivity and related properties, and consideration of man’s relationship to theBiosphere.
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