Open AccessJournal Article
Guidelines for Preventing Health-Care-- Associated Pneumonia, 2003 Recommendations of CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The new guidelines are designed to reduce the incidence of pneumonia and other severe, acute lower respiratory tract infections in acute-care hospitals and in other health-care settings (e.g., ambulatory and longterm care institutions) and other facilities where health care is provided.Abstract:
This report updates, expands, and replaces the previously published CDC "Guideline for Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia". The new guidelines are designed to reduce the incidence of pneumonia and other severe, acute lower respiratory tract infections in acute-care hospitals and in other health-care settings (e.g., ambulatory and long-term care institutions) and other facilities where health care is provided. Among the changes in the recommendations to prevent bacterial pneumonia, especially ventilator-associated pneumonia, are the preferential use of oro-tracheal rather than naso-tracheal tubes in patients who receive mechanically assisted ventilation, the use of noninvasive ventilation to reduce the need for and duration of endotracheal intubation, changing the breathing circuits of ventilators when they malfunction or are visibly contaminated, and (when feasible) the use of an endotracheal tube with a dorsal lumen to allow drainage of respiratory secretions; no recommendations were made about the use of sucralfate, histamine-2 receptor antagonists, or antacids for stress-bleeding prophylaxis. For prevention of health-care--associated Legionnaires disease, the changes include maintaining potable hot water at temperatures not suitable for amplification of Legionella spp., considering routine culturing of water samples from the potable water system of a facility's organ-transplant unit when it is done as part of the facility's comprehensive program to prevent and control health-care--associated Legionnaires disease, and initiating an investigation for the source of Legionella spp. when one definite or one possible case of laboratory-confirmed health-care--associated Legionnaires disease is identified in an inpatient hemopoietic stem-cell transplant (HSCT) recipient or in two or more HSCT recipients who had visited an outpatient HSCT unit during all or part of the 2-10 day period before illness onset. In the section on aspergillosis, the revised recommendations include the use of a room with high-efficiency particulate air filters rather than laminar airflow as the protective environment for allogeneic HSCT recipients and the use of high-efficiency respiratory-protection devices (e.g., N95 respirators) by severely immunocompromised patients when they leave their rooms when dust-generating activities are ongoing in the facility. In the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) section, the new recommendation is to determine, on a case-by-case basis, whether to administer monoclonal antibody (palivizumab) to certain infants and children aged <24 months who were born prematurely and are at high risk for RSV infection. In the section on influenza, the new recommendations include the addition of oseltamivir (to amantadine and rimantadine) for prophylaxis of all patients without influenza illness and oseltamivir and zanamivir (to amantadine and rimantadine) as treatment for patients who are acutely ill with influenza in a unit where an influenza outbreak is recognized. In addition to the revised recommendations, the guideline contains new sections on pertussis and lower respiratory tract infections caused by adenovirus and human parainfluenza viruses and refers readers to the source of updated information about prevention and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
AspiriN To Inhibit SEPSIS (ANTISEPSIS) randomised controlled trial protocol
Damon P. Eisen,Elizabeth Moore,Karin Leder,Karin Leder,Jessica E. Lockery,Emma S. McBryde,John J McNeil,David Pilcher,David Pilcher,Rory Wolfe,Robyn L. Woods +10 more
TL;DR: The rationale and design of the AspiriN To Inhibit SEPSIS trial, a substudy of ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly, and whether aspirin, an inexpensive and accessible therapy, safely reduces sepsis-related deaths and hospitalisations in older Australians are described.
Journal Article
Ethical issues in end-of-life geriatric care: The approach of three monotheistic religions: Judaism, Catholicism, and Islam. Authors' reply
Journal ArticleDOI
Trends in ventilator-associated pneumonia: impact of a ventilator care bundle in an Italian tertiary care hospital intensive care unit.
Elena Righi,Gabriella Aggazzotti,E Ferrari,Chiara Giovanardi,Stefano Busani,Laura Rinaldi,Massimo Girardis +6 more
TL;DR: The implementation of a standardized approach to patient care, including a number of key reduction interventions, was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of developing VAP.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of teaching recommended World Health Organization technique on the use of alcohol-based hand rub by medical students.
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that advanced medical students improve in hygiene performance because they receive multiple training sessions while on clinical duty, and the level of bacterial killing on hands of medical students using the WHO technique is evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI
State-of-the-science—2004: Time for a “No Excuses/No Tolerance” (NET) strategy
TL;DR: A systematic review of original research studies and reviews relevant to the prevention and control of health care-associated infections (HAI) published during calendar year 2004 is provided.
References
More filters
Journal Article
Prevention and control of influenza : recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
TL;DR: This report updates the 2000 recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices on the use of influenza vaccine and antiviral agents with new or updated information regarding the cost-effectiveness of influenza vaccination and the 2001-2002 trivalent vaccine virus strains.
Journal ArticleDOI
National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System Report, data summary from January 1992 through June 2003, issued August 2003.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HIPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force.
John M. Boyce,Didier Pittet +1 more
TL;DR: The Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings provides health-care workers (HCWs) with a review of data regarding handwashing and hand antisepsis and provides specific recommendations to promote improved hand-hygiene practices and reduce transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to patients and personnel in health- Care settings.
A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial
TL;DR: The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the antiviral drug amantadine for the treatment of hepatitis C in those who had either previously failed interferon therapy or were not candidates for interferons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Jean Chastre,Jean-Yves Fagon +1 more
TL;DR: Appropriate antimicrobial treatment of patients with VAP significantly improves outcome, more rapid identification of infected patients and accurate selection of antimicrobial agents represent important clinical goals.