Journal ArticleDOI
HF radar signatures of the cusp and low-latitude boundary layer
K. B. Baker,J. R. Dudeney,R. A. Greenwald,Michael Pinnock,Patrick T. Newell,Alan S. Rodger,N. Mattin,C.-I. Meng +7 more
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TLDR
In this article, an intercalibration study made using the Polar Anglo-American Conjugate Radar Experiment radars located at Goose Bay, Labrador, and Halley Station, Antarctica, and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites is used to provide clear identifications of the ionospheric cusp and the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL).Abstract:
Continuous ground-based observations of ionospheric and magnetospheric regions are critical to the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) program. It is therefore important to establish clear intercalibrations between different ground-based instruments and satellites in order to clearly place the ground-based observations in context with the corresponding in situ satellite measurements. HF-radars operating at high latitudes are capable of observing very large spatial regions of the ionosphere on a nearly continuous basis. In this paper we report on an intercalibration study made using the Polar Anglo-American Conjugate Radar Experiment radars located at Goose Bay, Labrador, and Halley Station, Antarctica, and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites. The DMSP satellite data are used to provide clear identifications of the ionospheric cusp and the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL). The radar data for eight cusp events and eight LLBL events have been examined in order to determine a radar signature of these ionospheric regions. This intercalibration indicates that the cusp is always characterized by wide, complex Doppler power spectra, whereas the LLBL is usually found to have spectra dominated by a single component. The distribution of spectral widths in the cusp is of a generally Gaussian form with a peak at about 220 m/s. The distribution of spectral widths in the LLBL is more like an exponential distribution, with the peak of the distribution occurring at about 50 m/s. There are a few cases in the LLBL where the Doppler power spectra are strikingly similar to those observed in the cusp.read more
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The influence of the IMF By component on the location of pulsed flows in the dayside ionosphere observed by an HF radar
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the By and Bz components of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF), as measured by the WIND satellite, on the occurrence of pulsed ionospheric flows as observed by the CUTLASS Finland radar was investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
The dayside auroral zone as a hard target for coherent HF radars
TL;DR: In this article, the CUTLASS Finland coherent HF radar was employed to demonstrate that changes in propagation mode from 1 2F to 1 1/2F and back again, determined from elevation angle measurements, do not significantly alter the ranges over which ionospheric backscatter is observed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measuring the dayside reconnection rate during an interval of due northward interplanetary magnetic field
Gareth Chisham,Mervyn P. Freeman,I. J. Coleman,Michael Pinnock,Marc R. Hairston,Mark Lester,George J. Sofko +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed spatiotemporal measurements of the reconnection electric field in the Northern Hemisphere ionosphere during an extended interval of northward interplanetary magnetic field were presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
High‐latitude Joule heating response to IMF inputs
TL;DR: In this article, the response of the high-latitude Joule heating to orientation and magnitude of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) was evaluated for the northern hemisphere.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the generation of cusp HF backscatter irregularities
TL;DR: In this article, a collocation is reported between the equatorward boundaries of broad spectral width HF radar backscatter and 630.0 nm cusp auroral precipitation, and an ionospheric tomography scan is compared to investigate the mechanism by which radar cusp echoes are generated.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
DARN/SUPERDARN : A global view of the dynamics of high-latitude convection
R. A. Greenwald,K. B. Baker,J. R. Dudeney,Michael Pinnock,T. B. Jones,E. C. Thomas,Jean-Paul Villain,Jean-Claude Cerisier,C. Senior,C. Hanuise,R. D. Hunsucker,George J. Sofko,James A. Koehler,Erling Nielsen,R. J. Pellinen,Anthony Walker,N. Saot,H. Yamagishi +17 more
TL;DR: The Dual Auroral Radar Network (DARN) is a global-scale network of HF and VHF radars capable of sensing backscatter from ionospheric irregularities in the E and F-regions of the high-latitude ionosphere as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new magnetic coordinate system for conjugate studies at high latitudes
K. B. Baker,Simon Wing +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a variation on the corrected geomagnetic coordinate system that is well defined and smooth over the entire globe, and provided an analytic expression relating geographic coordinates, including altitude, to the magnetic coordinates.
Journal ArticleDOI
The frontside boundary layer of the magnetosphere and the problem of reconnection
TL;DR: In this article, Heos 2 plasma and magnetic field data obtained in the frontside boundary layers of the magnetosphere are presented, revealing that the low-latitude extension of the entry layer is of a somewhat different nature.
Journal ArticleDOI
The cusp and the cleft/boundary layer: Low-altitude identification and statistical local time variation
Patrick T. Newell,Ching-I. Meng +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the distinction between the low-altitude cusp and the cleft (with the latter identified as the ionospheric signature of low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL)) on both a statistical and a case study basis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping the dayside ionosphere to the magnetosphere according to particle precipitation characteristics
Patrick T. Newell,Ching-I. Meng +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a complementary approach is tried: regions are identified based on the plasma characteristics as observed by low-altitude satellites using an automated identification scheme applied to approximately 60,000 individual satellite passes through the dayside oval, probability maps are computed for observing various types of plasma precipitating into the ionosphere.
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