Journal ArticleDOI
HF radar signatures of the cusp and low-latitude boundary layer
K. B. Baker,J. R. Dudeney,R. A. Greenwald,Michael Pinnock,Patrick T. Newell,Alan S. Rodger,N. Mattin,C.-I. Meng +7 more
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TLDR
In this article, an intercalibration study made using the Polar Anglo-American Conjugate Radar Experiment radars located at Goose Bay, Labrador, and Halley Station, Antarctica, and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites is used to provide clear identifications of the ionospheric cusp and the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL).Abstract:
Continuous ground-based observations of ionospheric and magnetospheric regions are critical to the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) program. It is therefore important to establish clear intercalibrations between different ground-based instruments and satellites in order to clearly place the ground-based observations in context with the corresponding in situ satellite measurements. HF-radars operating at high latitudes are capable of observing very large spatial regions of the ionosphere on a nearly continuous basis. In this paper we report on an intercalibration study made using the Polar Anglo-American Conjugate Radar Experiment radars located at Goose Bay, Labrador, and Halley Station, Antarctica, and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites. The DMSP satellite data are used to provide clear identifications of the ionospheric cusp and the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL). The radar data for eight cusp events and eight LLBL events have been examined in order to determine a radar signature of these ionospheric regions. This intercalibration indicates that the cusp is always characterized by wide, complex Doppler power spectra, whereas the LLBL is usually found to have spectra dominated by a single component. The distribution of spectral widths in the cusp is of a generally Gaussian form with a peak at about 220 m/s. The distribution of spectral widths in the LLBL is more like an exponential distribution, with the peak of the distribution occurring at about 50 m/s. There are a few cases in the LLBL where the Doppler power spectra are strikingly similar to those observed in the cusp.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A decade of the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN): scientific achievements, new techniques and future directions
Gareth Chisham,Mark Lester,Steve Milan,Mervyn P. Freeman,William A. Bristow,Adrian Grocott,Kathryn A. McWilliams,J. M. Ruohoniemi,Tim K. Yeoman,Peter. Dyson,R. A. Greenwald,Takashi Kikuchi,Michael Pinnock,J.P.S. Rash,Noriaki K. Sato,George J. Sofko,Jean-Paul Villain,Anthony Walker +17 more
TL;DR: The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) as discussed by the authors has been operating as an international co-operative organization for over 10 years and has been successful in addressing a wide range of scientific questions concerning processes in the magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and mesosphere, as well as general plasma physics questions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variations in the polar cap area during two substorm cycles
Steve Milan,Mark Lester,Stanley W. H. Cowley,Kjellmar Oksavik,Mitchell J. Brittnacher,R. A. Greenwald,George J. Sofko,Jean-Paul Villain +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors employed observations from several sources to determine the location of the polar cap bound-ary, or open/closed field line boundary, at all local times, allowing the amount of open flux in the magnetosphere to be quantified.
Journal ArticleDOI
GPS TEC, scintillation and cycle slips observed at high latitudes during solar minimum
P. Prikryl,P. T. Jayachandran,S. C. Mushini,Dimitry Pokhotelov,John MacDougall,Eric Donovan,Emma Spanswick,J.-P. St.-Maurice +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used data from the Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network (CHAIN) to measure amplitude and phase scintillation from L1 GPS signals and total electron content (TEC) from L 1 and L 2 GPS signals.
Journal ArticleDOI
CUTLASS Finland radar observations of the ionospheric signatures of flux transfer events and the resulting plasma flows
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed study of one day of this data revealed a convection reversal boundary in the CUTLASS field of view (f.o.v) on the dayside, the direction of plasma flow either side of the boundary being typical of a dawn-cell convection pattern.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of plasma structuring in the cusp/cleft region at Svalbard
S. Basu,E. J. Weber,Terence Bullett,M. J. Keskinen,E. MacKenzie,Patricia H. Doherty,R. Sheehan,H. Kuenzler,P. Ning,J. Bongiolatti +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a study of the distribution and dynamics of mesoscale (tens of kilometers to tens of meters) electron density irregularities in the dayside auroral region was performed at Ny Alesund, Svalbard, by measuring the effects of these irregularities on the amplitude scintillation of 250-MHz transmissions from a quasi-stationary polar satellite as well as the amplitude and phase scintillations of 1.6-GHz signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Structure in the DC and AC Electric Fields Associated with the Dayside Cusp Region
TL;DR: In this article, the intensity peaks within the soft particle precipitation were found to be unique to the cusp region of the ULF-ELF magnetic noise, and large spike-like features in the DC electric field were seen near local magnetic noon, which appear to be related to the large convective electric fields that have been observed at the magnetopause.
Journal ArticleDOI
An ionospheric signature of possible enhanced magnetic field merging on the dayside magnetopause
TL;DR: In this paper, the high temporal and spatial resolution of the Polar Anglo-American Conjugate Experiment radar data have permitted the evolution and formation of a transient plasma velocity signature in the cusp ionosphere to be studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Correlated optical and ULF magnetic observations of the winter cusp – Boundary layer system
Matthew G. McHarg,J. V. Olson +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors found a consistent correlation between ground-based ultra low frequency (ULF) magnetic and optical measurements of the dayside cusp/boundary layer system which, they believe, may allow ground based identification of the boundary layers and central cusp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Incoherent Scatter Radar Observations of Ionospheric Signatures of Cusp-Like Electron Precipitation
TL;DR: In this article, a case study of spatially and temporally coincident DMSP-F7 electron and ion precipitation measurements and Sondrestrom incoherent scatter radar observations of ionospheric plasma parameters is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Small‐scale electrodynamics of the cusp with northward interplanetary magnetic field
E. M. Basinska,William J. Burke,Nelson C. Maynard,W. J. Hughes,J. D. Winningham,W. B. Hanson +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a large electric and magnetic field spikes detected at the poleward edge of the magnetosheath-like particle precipitation are interpreted as field signatures of the low-altitude footprint of such merging line locations.
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