Journal ArticleDOI
HF radar signatures of the cusp and low-latitude boundary layer
K. B. Baker,J. R. Dudeney,R. A. Greenwald,Michael Pinnock,Patrick T. Newell,Alan S. Rodger,N. Mattin,C.-I. Meng +7 more
TLDR
In this article, an intercalibration study made using the Polar Anglo-American Conjugate Radar Experiment radars located at Goose Bay, Labrador, and Halley Station, Antarctica, and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites is used to provide clear identifications of the ionospheric cusp and the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL).Abstract:
Continuous ground-based observations of ionospheric and magnetospheric regions are critical to the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) program. It is therefore important to establish clear intercalibrations between different ground-based instruments and satellites in order to clearly place the ground-based observations in context with the corresponding in situ satellite measurements. HF-radars operating at high latitudes are capable of observing very large spatial regions of the ionosphere on a nearly continuous basis. In this paper we report on an intercalibration study made using the Polar Anglo-American Conjugate Radar Experiment radars located at Goose Bay, Labrador, and Halley Station, Antarctica, and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites. The DMSP satellite data are used to provide clear identifications of the ionospheric cusp and the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL). The radar data for eight cusp events and eight LLBL events have been examined in order to determine a radar signature of these ionospheric regions. This intercalibration indicates that the cusp is always characterized by wide, complex Doppler power spectra, whereas the LLBL is usually found to have spectra dominated by a single component. The distribution of spectral widths in the cusp is of a generally Gaussian form with a peak at about 220 m/s. The distribution of spectral widths in the LLBL is more like an exponential distribution, with the peak of the distribution occurring at about 50 m/s. There are a few cases in the LLBL where the Doppler power spectra are strikingly similar to those observed in the cusp.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A decade of the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN): scientific achievements, new techniques and future directions
Gareth Chisham,Mark Lester,Steve Milan,Mervyn P. Freeman,William A. Bristow,Adrian Grocott,Kathryn A. McWilliams,J. M. Ruohoniemi,Tim K. Yeoman,Peter. Dyson,R. A. Greenwald,Takashi Kikuchi,Michael Pinnock,J.P.S. Rash,Noriaki K. Sato,George J. Sofko,Jean-Paul Villain,Anthony Walker +17 more
TL;DR: The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) as discussed by the authors has been operating as an international co-operative organization for over 10 years and has been successful in addressing a wide range of scientific questions concerning processes in the magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and mesosphere, as well as general plasma physics questions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variations in the polar cap area during two substorm cycles
Steve Milan,Mark Lester,Stanley W. H. Cowley,Kjellmar Oksavik,Mitchell J. Brittnacher,R. A. Greenwald,George J. Sofko,Jean-Paul Villain +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors employed observations from several sources to determine the location of the polar cap bound-ary, or open/closed field line boundary, at all local times, allowing the amount of open flux in the magnetosphere to be quantified.
Journal ArticleDOI
GPS TEC, scintillation and cycle slips observed at high latitudes during solar minimum
P. Prikryl,P. T. Jayachandran,S. C. Mushini,Dimitry Pokhotelov,John MacDougall,Eric Donovan,Emma Spanswick,J.-P. St.-Maurice +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used data from the Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network (CHAIN) to measure amplitude and phase scintillation from L1 GPS signals and total electron content (TEC) from L 1 and L 2 GPS signals.
Journal ArticleDOI
CUTLASS Finland radar observations of the ionospheric signatures of flux transfer events and the resulting plasma flows
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed study of one day of this data revealed a convection reversal boundary in the CUTLASS field of view (f.o.v) on the dayside, the direction of plasma flow either side of the boundary being typical of a dawn-cell convection pattern.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of plasma structuring in the cusp/cleft region at Svalbard
S. Basu,E. J. Weber,Terence Bullett,M. J. Keskinen,E. MacKenzie,Patricia H. Doherty,R. Sheehan,H. Kuenzler,P. Ning,J. Bongiolatti +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a study of the distribution and dynamics of mesoscale (tens of kilometers to tens of meters) electron density irregularities in the dayside auroral region was performed at Ny Alesund, Svalbard, by measuring the effects of these irregularities on the amplitude scintillation of 250-MHz transmissions from a quasi-stationary polar satellite as well as the amplitude and phase scintillations of 1.6-GHz signals from Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the quasi‐periodic nature of magnetopause flux transfer events
Mike Lockwood,M. N. Wild +1 more
TL;DR: A survey of magnetopause observations by the ISEE satellites shows that the distribution of the intervals between FTE signatures has a mode value of 3 min, but is highly skewed, having upper and lower decile values of 1.5 min and 18.5min, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simultaneous conjugate observations of dynamic variations in high-latitude dayside convection due to changes in IMF By
R. A. Greenwald,K. B. Baker,J. M. Ruohoniemi,J. R. Dudeney,Michael Pinnock,N. Mattin,J. M. Leonard,R. P. Lepping +7 more
TL;DR: In particular, the response of these plasma convection patterns to changes in the By component of the IMF was examined in this paper, showing that the conjugate patterns are quite similar to the synthesized patterns of Heppner and Maynard.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping high-latitude plasma convection with coherent HF radars
TL;DR: Several methods developed for mapping high-latitude plasma convection with a highlatitude HF radar are described, which utilize coherent backscatter from electron density irregularities at F-region altitudes to observe convective plasma motion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ion acceleration at the equatorward edge of the cusp: Low altitude observations of patchy merging
Patrick T. Newell,Ching-I. Meng +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the observation of spatially discrete patches of precipitating accelerated ions at the equatorward edge of the cusp, which occur at or near the transition between boundary layer and cusp proper, are spatially distinct from the overall energy-latitude dispersion in the main cusp and are best fitted by Maxwellian distributions with convection velocities of 450-640 km/s.
Journal ArticleDOI
A SAFARI-EISCAT comparison between the velocity of F region small-scale irregularities and the ion drift
TL;DR: The SAFARI experiment (Scandinavian And French Auroral Radar Investigation) is a set of two HF coherent radars located at Lycksele (Sweden) and Oulu (Finland) as mentioned in this paper.
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