Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution lunar radar map at 70-cm wavelength
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TLDR
In this paper, a 3-fold improvement over the previous mapping done in the late 1960's was achieved by using the Arecibo radar antenna beam for high-resolution radar observations of the Moon in 1981-1984.Abstract:
New radar observations of the Moon in 1981–1984 were made using the 430 MHz (70 cm wavelength) radar at the Arecibo observatory, Puerto Rico. The new observations have produced a high resolution lunar radar map with radar cell-sizes near 2–5 km. This new resolution is a three-fold improvement over the previous mapping done in the late 1960's. Since the Arecibo radar antenna beam is only ten arc-minutes (about one-third of the width of the lunar disk), this new map is a mosaic of some eighteen observations. A radarmetric control between the various pieces of the mosaic was obtained via a ‘beam-swing,’ limb-to-limb calibration. When the limb-to-limb calibration was combined with the mosaic, there were significant radar scattering differences across the maria. Eastern Mare Tranquillitatis and western Oceanus Procellarum have weaker echoes than other maria, while the central portion of Mare Serenitatis and northern Mare Imbrium have stronger echoes. There is a radar scattering difference across the southern terra as areas nearer Mare Orientale have stronger echoes than areas further from Mare Orientale.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding the Lunar Surface and Space-Moon Interactions
Paul G. Lucey,Randy L. Korotev,Jeffrey J. Gillis,Lawrence A. Taylor,David J. Lawrence,Bruce A. Campbell,R. C. Elphic,Bill Feldman,Lon L. Hood,Donald M. Hunten,Michael Mendillo,Sarah K. Noble,James J. Papike,Robert C. Reedy,S. L. Lawson,Thomas H. Prettyman,Olivier Gasnault,Sylvestre Maurice +17 more
TL;DR: The surface of the Moon is a critical boundary that shapes our understanding of the entire Moon as a whole as discussed by the authors, and it is the lower boundary layer of the tenuous lunar atmosphere and constitutes both a source and a sink for atmospheric gases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical measurements of the Moon as a tool to study its surface
Yuriy Shkuratov,V. G. Kaydash,Viktor Korokhin,Yu. I. Velikodsky,N. V. Opanasenko,Gorden Videen +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a general overview of modern optical studies of the Moon and their diagnostic meaning is presented, including phase photometry, spectrophotometry, and polarimetry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regolith Layer Thickness Mapping of the Moon by Radar and Optical Data
TL;DR: Shkuratov et al. as discussed by the authors used radio wave multiple scattering in the regolith layer to estimate the thickness of regolith on the surface of the Moon and found that the higher the age, the thicker the regool.
The Origin of Lunar Crater Rays
B. R. Hawke,David T. Blewett,Paul G. Lucey,C. A. Peterson,James F. Bell,Bruce A. Campbell,Mark S. Robinson +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined the origin of selected lunar ray segments utilizing Earth-based spectral and radar data as well as FeO, TiO 2, and optical maturity maps produced from Clementine UVVIS images.
Journal ArticleDOI
The origin of lunar crater rays
B. Ray Hawke,David T. Blewett,Paul G. Lucey,G. A. Smith,James F. Bell,Bruce A. Campbell,Mark S. Robinson +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined the origin of selected lunar ray segments utilizing Earth-based spectral and radar data as well as FeO, TiO 2, and optical maturity maps produced from Clementine UVVIS images.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Remote Probing of the Moon by Infrared and Microwave Emissions and by Radar
TL;DR: The results of the remote probing of the moon by means of infrared and microwave emissions and by radar are reviewed in this paper, where the authors discuss how the various observational results can help to explain physical parameters of the lunar surface, such as thermal and electrical conductivities, dielectric constant, density, particle sizes in the lunar regolith, depth of the surface layer.
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The scattering behavior of the Moon at wavelengths of 3.6, 68, and 784 centimeters
J. V. Evans,G. H. Pettengill +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the scattering behavior of the moon has been investigated at wavelengths of 3.6 cm, 68 cm, and 7.84 meters and the mean gradient is found to vary, the wavelength being about 1 in 11 for points spaced by 68 cm and 1 in 7 for points spacing 3.8 cm.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-resolution radar maps of the lunar surface at 3.8-cm wavelength
TL;DR: In this paper, the entire earth-facing lunar surface has been mapped at a resolution of 2 km using the 3.8-cm radar of Haystack Observatory, yielding the distribution of relative radar backscattering efficiency with an accuracy of about 10% for both the polarized and depolarized (diffuse or incoherent) scattered components.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Study of the Depolarization of Lunar Radar Echoes
TL;DR: Lunar radar echoes depolarization via lunar surface backscattering characteristics at 23 cm wavelength was studied in this article, and the results showed that the backscatter effect was independent of the distance from the Earth's surface.
Journal ArticleDOI
A comparison of infrared, radar, and geologic mapping of lunar craters
TL;DR: In this article, a study of 52 of these anomalies indicates that most are related to impact craters and that the nature of the infrared and radar responses is compatible with a previously developed geologic model of crater aging processes.