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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Holographic Complexity Equals Bulk Action

TLDR
The hypothesis that black holes are the fastest computers in nature is discussed and the conjecture that the quantum complexity of a holographic state is dual to the action of a certain spacetime region that is called a Wheeler-DeWitt patch is illustrated.
Abstract
We conjecture that the quantum complexity of a holographic state is dual to the action of a certain spacetime region that we call a Wheeler-DeWitt patch. We illustrate and test the conjecture in the context of neutral, charged, and rotating black holes in anti-de Sitter spacetime, as well as black holes perturbed with static shells and with shock waves. This conjecture evolved from a previous conjecture that complexity is dual to spatial volume, but appears to be a major improvement over the original. In light of our results, we discuss the hypothesis that black holes are the fastest computers in nature.

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Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI

The Black Hole Information Problem

TL;DR: The black hole information problem has been a challenge since Hawking's original 1975 paper, which led to the discovery of AdS/CFT, which gave a partial resolution of the paradox as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI

Time evolution of complexity in Abelian gauge theories

TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the time evolution of complexities for Abelian pure gauge theories and find that to achieve a large complexity, which is one of the conjectured criteria necessary to have a dual black hole, the Abelian theory needs to be maximally nonlocal.
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Tensor networks from kinematic space

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the MERA network for the ground state of a 1+1-dimensional conformal field theory has the same structural features as kinematic space.
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Onset of many-body chaos in the $O(N)$ model

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the growth of commutators of initially commuting local operators in quantum many-body systems and showed that the commutator grows exponentially in time with a rate denoted as "ensuremath{\lambda}}_{L}".
Journal ArticleDOI

Chaos and complexity by design

TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between quantum chaos and pseudorandomness was studied by developing probes of unitary design, and it was shown that the norm squared of a generalization of out-of-time-order four-point correlation functions is proportional to the $k$th frame potential.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The world as a hologram

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of particle growth with momentum on information spreading near black hole horizons were investigated. But the authors only considered the earliest times of the propagation of information near the horizon.
Journal ArticleDOI

A bound on chaos

TL;DR: In this paper, a sharp bound on the rate of growth of chaos in thermal quantum systems with a large number of degrees of freedom is given, based on plausible physical assumptions, establishing this conjecture.
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Black holes and the butterfly effect

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used holography to study sensitive dependence on initial conditions in strongly coupled field theories and showed that the effect of the early infalling quanta relative to the t = 0 slice creates a shock wave that destroys the local two-sided correlations present in the unperturbed state.
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The String landscape, black holes and gravity as the weakest force

TL;DR: In this paper, an upper bound on the strength of gravity relative to gauge forces in quantum gravity was given, motivated by arguments involving holography and absence of remnants, the stability of black holes as well as the non-existence of global symmetries in string theory.

Dimensional reduction in quantum gravity

TL;DR: In this article, Abdus Salam argued that the observable degrees of freedom can best be described as if they were Boolean variables defined on a two-dimensional lattice, evolving with time.
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